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Perception Final
Final Exam
14
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
12/08/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Parts of the Ear

(Including inner ear!!)

Definition
know functions
Term
Pathway of Sound in the auditory system
Definition

know order

what happens when each wave encounters each part

 

Term
Two main categories of hearing impairments
Definition

Conductive Impairments

Sensorineural Impairments

Term
Conductive Impairments
Definition

-usually concenr the outter/middle ear

- problem conducting sound energy where it can be received

 

  • congenital malformations
  • blockages
  • tears in the eardrum
  • misalignment of the ossicles
  • infections
Term
Sensorineural Impairments
Definition

inner ear, problem with erceptors and/or the nerves

 

  • tinnitus
  • anoxia at birth (lack of oxygen)
  • ototoxic drugs
  • presbycusia ("old ear")
  • noise-induced hearing loss
Term
Cochlear implant
Definition

electrodes inserted into the cocholea electrically stimulate auditory nerve fibors

 

Device made up of

  • microphone worn behind the ear
  • sound processor
  • a transmitter mounted on mastoid bone
  • receiver surgically mounted on mastoid bone

Implants stimulate cochlea at different places according to specific frequencies in the stimulus

 

help individuas with hearing impairments

 

work best for thse to receive them early in life.

Term
Auditory Scene Analysis
Definition

process by which sound sources in the auditory scene are separated into individual perceptions

 

does not happen in the cochlea

Term
Auditory Scene
Definition
Array of all sound sources in the environment
Term

Heuristics to help perceptually organize stimuli

proximity in time

good continuation

similarity of timbre and pitch

Definition

proximity in time: sounds that occur in rapid succession usually come from the same source

 

good continuation: sounds that stay constant or change smoothly are usually from the same source

 

similarity of timbre and pitch: similar sounds are grouped together

Term
Verbal Transformation Effect
Definition
when you lose perception after constant repitition of the word
Term
Phenomic Restoration Effect
Definition
When you restor a part of a work when it is obscured or masked by another sound
Term
Backwards Masking
Definition

When sounds trigger our speech analyzer, and seem speech-like.

 

ex. music played backwards

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