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Peds
Exam 2-asthma
20
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
11/05/2011

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Term
increasing
Definition
both prevalence and mortality of asthma are ...
Term
Damage/loss of airway epithelium
Collagen deposit below basement membrane causing thickening
Increased vascularity and inflammation
Loss of elastic fibers
Smooth muscle thickening(? hyperplasia or hypertrophy)
Definition
Long term irreversible changes in airways (remodeling) include...
Term
allergic asthma
Definition
Antigen binds with IgE on mast cell
causing inflammation
Term
exercise induced asthma
Definition
Decreased warmth and saturation of inhaled air
Exaggerated cholinergic response
causing bronchoconstriction and inflammation
Term
Viral induced asthma
Definition
Epithelial cell damage
Viral antigen binds with IgE
Exaggerated cholinergic response
Causing bronchoconstriction, bronchospasm and degranulation
Term
nocturnal asthma
Definition
Daily fluctuations in secretion of catecholaminespredominence of cholinergic influence
causing bronchoconstriction
Term
cough variant asthma
Definition
Exaggerated cholinergic response- parasympathetic (acetylcholine) or sympathetic (epinephrine)
causing bronchoconstriction
May be treated with inhaled bronchodilators and/or inhaled corticosteriods
Term
status asthmaticus
Definition
prolonged asthma that responds poorly to treatment
Term
sudden asphyxic asthma
Definition
fulminant form of asthma with rapid and unexpected progression from apparently controlled asthma to death from respiratory arrest
Term
normal
Definition
PEFR >90%
Term
moderate obstruction
Definition
PEFR <50%
Term
severe obstruction
Definition
PEFR [peak expiratory flow rate <25%
Term
peak expiratory flow rate
Definition
simple way to obtain an objective assessment of the degree of obstruction
Term
quick relievers
If you are using these more than twice a week than your long term controllers aren’t doing their job
Definition
Short acting inhaled beta 2 agonists
Systemic corticosteroids (oral prednisone is the one you mostly use)
Anticholinergics
Term
long term controller
Definition
Inhaled corticosteroids
Long acting beta 2 agonists
Cromolyn (don’t use much anymore), nedocromil
Leukotriene modifiers (important; singulair?)
Methylxanthine
Term
Beta 2 Agonists
Definition
Also reduce mucous secretion, inhibit mast cell degranulation, increase ciliary motion, decrease cell membrane permeability, enhance water and chloride transport across membrane
bind with beta receptors on smooth muscles and via cyclic AMP cause smooth muscle relaxation.
Term
wheezing, dyspnea, and coughing
Definition
classic manifestations of asthma
Term
hyperersonance on percussion
Definition
percussion of the chest reveals..
Term
long term control asthma meds
Definition
- inhaled corticosteriods
- cromolyn sodium and nedocromil
- long acting Beta 2 antagonists
- methylxanthines
- leukotriene modifiers
Term
short acting control asthma meds (rescue meds)
Definition
- beta 2 antagonists
- anticholinergics
- systemic corticosteriods
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