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Definition
| The synthesis or building up of body tissues. |
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Definition
| A reduction in the number of red blood cells to below normal levels. |
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| anthropometric measurement |
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Definition
| The growth assessment of various body parts. |
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Definition
| A hereditary allergic tendency. |
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Definition
| A compulsion to consume large quantities of food in a short period of time. |
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Definition
| A calculation (kilograms of weight/m2 of height) used to determine the proportion between a child's height and weight. |
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Definition
| Macronutrients composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that are arranged in various configurations to form saccharides (sugar molecules). |
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Definition
| The destruction or breaking down of body tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| A steroid or sterol compound found only in animal cells that is essential to cell membranes; may be ingested from foods as well as manufactured in the body. |
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Term
| dietary reference intakes (DRIs) |
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Definition
| A set of nutrient values that can be used to assess and plan intake for individuals of different ages. |
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Term
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Definition
| The presence of one or more decayed, lost, or filled tooth surfaces in primary teeth from birth to 71 months of age; frequently caused by drinking from a bottle or nursing for prolonged periods, especially when sleeping; previously referred to as nursing bottle mouth syndrome and baby bottle tooth decay. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nutrition introduced through the intestinal tract, including oral or tube feedings. |
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Term
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Definition
| Products that enhance physical performance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Amino acid that cannot be manufactured by humans but must be ingested in the diet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Macronutrients also known as lipids; complex molecules of several types, consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, arranged so that glycerol and fatty acids are the structural subcomponents. |
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Term
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Definition
| The major components of fats; may be referred to as saturated (no additional hydrogen atoms could be absorbed by the structure) or unsaturated (some additional bonds with hydrogen are possible). Unsaturated fatty acids are further designated as monounsaturated (only one potential bond with hydrogen possible) or polyunsaturated (two or more potential bonds). Trans fatty acids are formed when food manufacturers partially hydrogenate unsaturated fatty acids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Indigestible carbohydrate components that ensure healthy movement of fecal contents through the bowel. |
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Term
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Definition
| An IgE-mediated reaction that is potentially systemic, characteristically rapid in onset, and may be manifested as swelling of the lips, mouth, uvula, or glottis, generalized urticaria, and, in severe reactions, anaphylaxis." |
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Term
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Definition
| An inability or uncertainty that an individual will be able to acquire or consume adequate quality or quantity of foods in socially acceptable ways. |
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Term
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Definition
| An abnormal physiologic response to a food that is not IgE-mediated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eating only a few foods for several days or weeks. |
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Term
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Definition
| Access at all times to enough nourishment for an active, healthy life. |
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Term
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Definition
| The blood glucose response to 50 grams of carbohydrate from any specific food, as compared to the glucose level after ingestion of white bread. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stored form of carbohydrate that can be returned to glucose for use when the body requires energy and food is not being ingested. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency disease that occurs when insufficient protein is ingested. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vegetarians that eat eggs and dairy products. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vegetarians that eat dairy products. |
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Term
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Definition
| Combinations of fat and protein that transport fats in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| The major building blocks of the body, including carbohydrates, protein, and fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency disease that occurs when insufficient carbohydrates are ingested. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances like vitamins and minerals that are needed in small quantities for healthy body functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| Establishment of the myelin or fatty sheath on nerve fibers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein balance. Positive nitrogen balance is when more nitrogen is taken into the body than excreted and occurs during periods of growth during childhood, when additional body tissues are being manufactured, and when the body is replenished after illness or surgery. Negative nitrogen balance indicates that the body excretes more nitrogen than it ingests and occurs when dietary intake is limited. |
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Term
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Definition
| Amino acid that humans can manufacture when in good health. |
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Term
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Definition
| Taking in food and assimilating it metabolically for use by the body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Nutrition introduced outside of the intestinal tract, usually by the intravenous route. |
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Term
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Definition
| A decrease in appetite manifested when the extremely high metabolic demands of infancy slow down to keep pace with the more moderate growth rate of toddlerhood. |
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Term
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Definition
| An eating disorder characterized by ingestion of nonfood items or food items consumed in abnormal quantities or forms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Born prior to 37 weeks' gestation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Live and beneficial microorganisms that promote normal gut flora. |
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Term
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Definition
| A molecule composed of amino acids linked together in a particular order specified by a gene's DNA sequence; proteins perform a wide variety of functions in the cell, including serving as enzymes, structural components, or signaling molecules. |
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Term
| radioallergosorbent test (RAST) |
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Definition
| A technique in which radioimmunoassay is used to measure the presence of IgE antibodies to certain antigens in the blood. |
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Term
| small for gestational age |
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Definition
| A newborn whose weight (and possibly length and head circumference) falls below the tenth percentile when plotted on a standard intrauterine growth/gestational age chart. An SGA newborn is a small size for the amount of time spent in the uterus. An SGA baby can be preterm, term, or postterm. |
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Term
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Definition
| The major fats consumed by humans, consisting of three fatty acids connected to a glycerol base. |
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Term
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Definition
| Strict vegetarian who eats no animal products. |
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Term
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Definition
| Individual who eats no poultry, meat, or fish. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of a baby giving up breastfeeding or a bottle to drink from a cup. |
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