Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pedi - Kim's F.C. 107-131
HESI
20
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
05/07/2010

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is tonsillitis?
Definition

inflammation of tonsils

viral, bacterial

 

may be r/t --> strep infection -->

 

WARNING risk of developing

acute glomerulitis or rheumatic heart disease

Term
Signs and symptoms of tonsillitis
Definition

sore throat, fever

enlarged tonsils (purulent?)

obstructive breathing "kissing tonsils"

throat culture --> viral, bacterial

Term
What lab values and history do you need to determine before tonsillectomy?
Definition

PT, PTT

 

history of prolonged/excessive bleeding or bleeding disorders in the family

Term
Home care advice for tonsillectomy
Definition

warm salt gargles

acetaminophen for fever

antibiotics

ice chips

NO straws

Term
Signs of postoperative bleeding in tonsillectomy
Definition

continuous swallowing

clearing of throat

vomitus with fresh blood

Term
Ice collar for tonsillectomy
Definition

vasoconstriction

relieves pain

Term
When is highest risk of hemorrhage in tonsillectomy?
Definition

1st 24 hours

 

5-10 days after surgery

Term

Adrenergic: Epinephrine HCl

(SusPhrine)

Definition

rapid acting bronchodilator,

choice drug for actue asthma attack

 

adverse rxns: tachycardia, jittery, HTN, nausea

 

nx implications: subQ, IV, nebulizer, can repeat in 20 minutes

Term

Adrenergic: theophylline

(Theo-Dur)

Definition

bronchodilator, bronchospasm reversal in asthma

 

adv. rxn: n/v, tachycardia, irritable, hypotension, palpitations

 

nx implications: auscultate lungs before and after administration, monitor blood levels

Term
VSD
Definition

acyanotic heart defect

ventricular septal defect

increase pulmonary BF

hole b/t ventricles


O2 blood from L ventricle -->

R ventricle, then recirculated to lungs


small defects may close spontaneously 

large defects cause CHF & needs surgery to close

Term
ASD
Definition

acyanotic heart defect

atrial septal defect

hole b/t atria


O2 blood from L atrium -->

R atrium and lungs, b/c pressure changes


most defects do not seriously compromise child

surgical closure before school age

can lead to significant problems like CHF or atrial dysrhythmias

 

Term
PDA
Definition

acyanotic heart defect

patent ductus arteriosus

opening b/t aorta and pulmonary artery

usually closes w/i 72 hours of birth

 

increases BF to the lungs causes pulmonary HTN

might need medical intervention with indomethacin or surgery

Term
Coarctation of the Aorta
Definition

Acyanotic heart defect

Obstructive defect (BF from ventricles)

Obstructive narrowing of aorta


HTN in upper extremities

decrease or no pulses in lower extremities


take BP in all 4 limbs, may need surgery

Term
AS
Definition

Acyanotic heart defect

Obstructive blood flow from ventricles

Aortic stenosis (near aortic valve)

 

O2 BF from L ventricle into systemic circulation is decreased

symptoms because of low cardiac output

may need surgery

Term
Tetralogy of Fallot
Definition

Cyanotic Heart Defect

Decreased pulmonary blood flow

unoxygenated blood pumped into circulation

decrease pulmonary circulation b/c of pulmonary stenosis


P.R.O.V.e

Pulmonary stenosis, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Overriding Aorta, Ventricular septal defect


"tet" spells relieved by knee-chest position or squatting

surgery is needed

Term
Truncus Arteriosus
Definition

Cyanotic heart defect

Mixed blood defect

Pulmonary/Aorta arteries don't separate


1 main vessel gets blood from L and R ventricles together

increase pulmonary resistance = increase cyanosis

needs surgical correction

VSD is only means of survival

use prostaglandin 

Term
Transposition of Great Vessel
Definition

Cyanotic heart defect

Mixed blood flow defect

Pulmonary circulation arises from L ventricle

Systemic circulation arises from R ventricle

 

must have ASD, VSD, or/and PDA to live

medical emergency!

prostaglandin e

Term
Signs and symptoms of congenital heart defects
Definition

murmur (present/absent; thrill, rub)

cyanosis, clubbing digits

poor feeding & wt gain

frequent regurgitation

frequent respiratory infection

activity intolerance, fatigue

Term
Assess for heart defects by monitoring . . .
Definition

heart rate, rhythm, sounds


pulse quality and symmetry


BP in upper and lower extremities


hx of maternal infection during pregnancy


HR increases with crying or infection

Term
What type of feeding can conserve energy in an infant?
Definition
tube feeding
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