Term
|
Definition
Monitoring: CBC,
lipid panel and LFTs are monitored regularly in all patients taking isotretoin. Women require monthly pregnancy tests to continue tx with isotretoin. |
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Term
|
Definition
Topical Retinoids
Noninflammatory tx: Topical Tretinoin
Inflammatory Tx: Tretinoin and Clindamycin topical
For more severe inflammatory acne, incorporate benzoyl peroxide |
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Term
|
Definition
LFT, Lipids,
CBC w/ diff, Creatine Level,
Blood Urea Nitrogen at 2 wks, then q3months |
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Term
|
Definition
Vit D Analog Ointment (Dovonex)
Topical Cortisone cream
Retinoids
New agents: Enbrel, Humira, Remicade |
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Term
|
Definition
CBC, Herpes viral culture,
Herpes virus antigen detection test,
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test,
Antibody tests,
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test,
Tzanck smear |
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Term
|
Definition
Herpetic Whitlow- no tx, resolves in 3-4 weeks
Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, Famciclovir,
if resistant to these drugs use Foscarvir |
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Term
|
Definition
ELISA then Western blot,
Tests that measure antibodies to the bacteria in blood (Cultures are not helpful because Borrelia burgdorferi is difficult to grow in the laboratory)Sometimes a sample of joint fluid or a lumbar puncture, fragments of the bacteria's genetic material may be present |
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Term
|
Definition
Antibiotics (Doxicyclin, amoxicillin)- 14-28 days,
NSAIDs (if arthritis present) |
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Term
| W/U for Vitamin B 12 deficiency |
|
Definition
Schillings Test (injection of non-radioactive vitamin B12 given IM , radioactive B12 ingested by mouth, urine samples are collected)
CBC (will show leukopenia/thrombocytopenia),
Inc. MCV, dec. reticulocyte count,
inc. LDH, dec. folic acid,
dec. serum B12 level
May show problems with reflexes- positive Babinski reflex |
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Term
|
Definition
| B12 injections daily or weekly for several weeks until levels return to normal |
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Term
|
Definition
CBC, dec. Hb,
dec Hct, low serum iron,
low MCV, low MCHC, high TIBC |
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Term
|
Definition
locate source of bleeding,
iron supplements for 3 to 6 weeks,
blood tests periodically to ensure sufficient iron supply |
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Term
|
Definition
CBC w/ Diff, Reticulocyte percentage,
Hemoglobin electrophoresis, LFT,
BUN, Creatinine, Serum electrolytes,
Fetal hemoglobin, Lactic dehydrogenase, Haptoglobin,
X-ray, MRI,
Abdominal sonogram, DNA testing |
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Term
|
Definition
Hydroxurea
Tx is aimed at preventing crises, controlling anemia, and relieving symptoms.
Pt. should avoid activities that reduce amount of oxygen in blood.
Pt. should make sure to receive pneumoccocal and H. flu vaccines.
If in sickle cell crisis, may need hospitalization, IV fluids, and bone marrow transplant. |
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Term
|
Definition
CBC with platelets
peripheral blood smear,
Sometimes bone marrow aspiration,
coagulation studies, liver function tests, HIV testing
(to exclude other thrombocytopenic disorders) |
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Term
|
Definition
Adults: Oral corticosteroids,
Splenectomy, RITUXAN,
Sometimes thrombopoietic-mimetic drugs, Sometimes other immunosuppressants.
For severe bleeding, IV immune globulin, IV corticosteroids, or platelet transfusions
Children: Because in children usually recover spontaneously, supportive therapy is implemented.
If mucosal bleeding occurs, corticosteroids or IV immune globulin is given |
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Term
|
Definition
Start TX right away if suspected rabies bite,
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test,
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay will confirm once symptoms are being presented (again at this point it is most likely fatal) |
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Term
|
Definition
Wound care,
Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) series of shots- 5 doses over 28 days
Human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG), if patient has symptoms shots are not that effective |
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Term
|
Definition
CBC,
Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA),
PCR of a biopsy specimen of the rash,
Consult infectious disease specialist, and dermatologist,
CXR (to rule out other diagnosis)
Skin biopsy |
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Term
|
Definition
Antibiotics- Doxycycline is drug of choice.
Chloramphenicol is alternative.
Pt may require IV fluids, oxygen, or intubation.
Report tick borne illness to public health authorities |
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Term
|
Definition
Cellulitis: Appearance (cultures not usually necessary)
MRSA: Culture and gram stain |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Tx: Cellulitis: Cephalosporins,
PCN Allergy use Clindamycin
MRSA: I & D,
Cephalosporins plus trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole;
Again replace cephalosporin with Clindamycin in PCN allergy.
Severe cases require hospitalization and IV antibiotics |
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