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| blending hypothesis(of inheritance) |
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Definition
-The Blending hypothesis states that a person's phenotype results from the blending of the parent's phenotypes. If true, this process would greatly reduce variation in population.
-For example, suppose a red-flowered plant were crossed with a yellow-flowered plant of the same species. According to the blending hypothesis, the red and yellow hereditary material in the offspring would blend, producing orange flowerd plants-like blending red and yellow paint to make orange paint. Based on this hypothesis, all offspring of orange-flowered plants would also have orange flowers.
-This hypothesis was disproved by Gregor Mendel |
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-a variation of a particular character
-For example, a person may have the trait of blue eyes and another person may have the trait of hazel eyes |
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Term
| particulate hypothesis(of inheritance) |
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Definition
-parents pass on to their offspring separate and distinct factors (a.k.a. genes) that are responsible for inherited traits. These heritable factors retain their identity generation after generation.
-In other words, genes are more like different colored marbles than paints
-proposed by Gregor Mendel |
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| -process by which sperm from one flower's pollen fertilized the eggs in a flower of a different plant |
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-alternate forms of genes
-for example, the gene for flower color in pea plants exists in one form for purple and in another form for white |
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| For each inherited character, an organism has two alleles for the gene controlling that character, one from each parent. If the two alleles are the same the organism is homozygous for that character |
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| For each inherited character, an organism has two alleles for the gene controlling that character, one from each parent. If the two alleles are different the organism is hetrozygous for that character |
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| When only one of the two different alleles in a heterozegous individual appears to affect the trait, that allele is called the dominant allele |
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| When only one of the two different alleles in a heterozegous individual appears to affect the trait, that allele is called the dominant allele and the allele that doesnt appear to affect the trait is called the recessive allele. |
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Term
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Definition
-when the two alleles for a character segregate(separate) during the formation of gamates(sex cells), so that each gamate carries only one allele for each character.
-introduced by Gregor Mendel |
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| offspring of two differnt true-breeding varieties |
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| a pairing in which the parent plants differ in only one characteristic |
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| a diagram that shows all possible outcomes of a genetic cross
[image] |
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| the genetic makeup or combination of alleles |
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| mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual |
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| crossing organisms differing in two characteristics |
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Term
| intermediate inheritance (a.k.a. incomplete dominance) |
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Definition
| -inheritance in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between thephenotypes of the two homozygotes |
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| inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles |
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| when two or more genes affect a single character |
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Term
| chromosome theory of inheritance |
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Definition
| states that genes are located on chromosomes, and the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis and fertilization accounts for inheritance patterns |
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