Term
| Tracheoesophageal Fistula and its complications? |
|
Definition
Atresia of the Esophagus leading to an incomplete conneciton b/w stomach and esophagus commonly found in neonates.
Cx: Lung Abscess/Aspirate after birth leading to Pneumonia within 24hrs. |
|
|
Term
| Esophageal Web (specifica name) and once again complication? (granted rare) |
|
Definition
Ass. w/Iron deficiency anaemia and the foldign of the mucosa (Plummer Vinson) leads to obvious dysphagia.
Chance of Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
|
|
Term
Esophageal Achalasis include:-
3 associated diseases +bacteria
Clinical Sx.
|
|
Definition
LES does not relax - No peristalsis because absence of myenteric ganglia,
hence you get a build up or progressive dysphagia along with nocturnal regurgitation
Polio, DM, Scleroderma
T.Cruzi (myocarditis)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Autoimmune Disease associated with deposition of collagen b/w mucosa and smooth muscle of the esophagus. |
|
|
Term
Mallory Weiss Syndrome Sx and Cx.
|
|
Definition
Acute longitudinal tears of the mucosa of the esophagus at the GE junction.
Inc. pressure in stomach vomit blood (NO SHOCK)
Post- Violent retching or vomiting hence commonly in an alcoholic. Iron deficiency anemia (due to chronic bleeding) and only Complications: Boerhaave syndrome (SHOCK)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dilated Veins in lower third of esophagus Ass. Finding include liver cirrhosis and portal HTN. Please note a rupture could lead to SHOCK and Massive Bleed. |
|
|
Term
| GERD and Cx, along with Tx. |
|
Definition
Sliding hiatal hernia, Low resting LES.
Lower third shows Scleroderma.
Cx: Reflux Esophagitis --> Barrets Esophagus (example of metaplasia)
Think of an irritation hence you would see eosinophils along with basal zone hyperplasia.
Tx: Antacids |
|
|
Term
| Pyloric Stenosis (How could you Dx. In utero) and on Gross? |
|
Definition
Congenital, hypertrophy of the circualr muscle and so you get gastric outlet obstruction which in turn leads to projectile vomiting usually within 2 weeks of life.
Note an increase in amniotic fluid leads to pulmonary hypoplasia and so chacne of NRDS.Gross: Oval mass in abdomen
|
|
|
Term
| Acute Haemorrhagic Gastritis causes: |
|
Definition
| Asprin, Burns, Uriemia, NSAID, Smoking, Brain Injury, Stress and Post-Op. |
|
|
Term
| Two types of Chronic Gastritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Autoimmune Gastritis (Triad of findings) and rare complication |
|
Definition
AutoAb. against parietal cells produce IF, leading to atrophy and reduced acid secretion. Megaloblastic Anaemia leads to peripheral nerve loss.
Atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, few lymphocytes hence a rish of Gastric adenocarcinoma. |
|
|
Term
| H.Pylori Associated gastritis complications |
|
Definition
| Gastric Carcinoma or Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| H.Pylori Blood Group O, most common cause. Bleeding. Pain releived by eating i.e. Obesity is an issue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gastric Ulcer because of the clear ulcer base and punched out/Rolled up margins.
Loss of weigth because of Pain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Once again a Benign Gastric Ulcer |
|
|
