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Pathology Boards
part I boards
199
Science
Graduate
02/24/2009

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

coagulative necrosis

liquefactive necrosis

caseous necrosis

Definition

myocardial infarction

CNS

TB

Term

Zenker's

Cloudy swelling

Definition

hyaline degeneration (skeletal muscle)

injury of membrane affecting ionic transfer

Term

hyperplasia

metaplasia

dysplasia

Definition

increase in cell number

change from one cell type to another

change in size, shape, and function of cell

All are reversible except anaplasia

Term

carcinoma

sarcoma

Definition

cancer of epithelium that spreads by lymphatics

cancer of CT that spreads by blood

Term
most common type of lung cancer
Definition
squamous cell carcinoma
Term
carcinoma in situ
Definition
cancer that has not invaded the basement membrane
Term
5 signs of congenital syphillus
Definition

Hutchinson's teeth (upper incisors)

rhagades (cracks at mouth)

saddle nose

sabre blade tibia

interstitial keratitis (visual changes)

Term

What type of pneumoconiosis is seen with:

sand blasters

iron dust

cotton dust

coal miners

aircraft manufacturer

 

Definition

silicosis

siderosis

byssinosis

berylliosis

anthracosis

Term

What is seen in the primary stage of syphillus?

 

Definition
hard, painless chancre (nodule on perineum)
Term
What is seen in the secondary stage of syphillus?
Definition
maculopapularvesicular rash and condylomata lata (flat warts on vulva)
Term
What is seen in the tertiary stage of syphillus?
Definition
tabes dorsalis/slapping gait, aortic aneurysm, Argyll Robertson pupils, gummas
Term
chancroid
Definition
soft painful lesion caused by Haemophilus ducreyi
Term
What is the most common cause of PID?  what can be seen?
Definition

Gonorrhea

yellow-green pus in urine

arthritis in knee joints

Term
Granuloma inguinale
Definition
red nodules in inguinal region
Term
How would you test for Chlamydia?
Definition
Frei test
Term
What produces green frothy purulent discharge?  what kind of cells are seen?
Definition

Trichinomas

Gardenella vaginalis

clue cells

Term
sliding hiatal hernia
Definition
anatomically shortened esophagus
Term
what is a diverticula and where is it commonly seen?  meckel diverticula?
Definition

outpouching in the inetstine

sigmoid and descending colon

outpouching seen in distal ileum

Term
intussusception
Definition
telescoping of intestine onto itself
Term
celiac disease
Definition

intolerance to gluten d/t low villi

"non-tropical sprue"

Term
What produces skip lesions?  where is it seen?
Definition

Crohn's disease, terminal ileitis, regional ileitis, regional enteritis

affects rt side of abdomen (ileum, cecum, ascending colon)

Term

Hirschbrung's disease

Definition
produces congenital megacolon d/t absence of myenteric plexus
Term

ulcerative colitis

areas affected?

 

Definition

produces toxic megacolon, bloody diarrhea, lead pipe rigidity d/t loss of haustrations

affects lt side (descending colon, cecum, rectum)

Term
Irritable bowel syndrome causes...
Definition

spastic colon, distention, pain, diarrhea

stress related

Term
Peutz Jegher's
Definition
polyps in the entire GI tract (polyposis)
Term

Barret's esophagus

Definition
cells of esophagus change to cells of stomach (metaplasia) d/t GERD
Term
what is seen in Plumer-Vinson syndrome?
Definition
iron deficiency anemia, cheilosis, esophageal webbing, glossitis
Term

juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Definition
Still's disease
Term
What are the four stages of Osteitis deformans?
Definition

osteolytic

mixed

osteoblastic

malignant degeneration into osteosarcoma

Term
Patient presents with propulsive gait and cobwheel rigidity.  What is likely?  What are other features?
Definition

Parkinson's (paralysis agitans)

masked face

stooped posture

resting tremor

Term
What is the Charcot triad seen in Multiple sclerosis?  What is affected?
Definition

(SIN) scanning speech, intention tremor, nystagmus

demyelination and plaquing of SC or brain

Term
Female presents with fatigue, diplopia that is worse at night, and thymoma.  what is the likely diagnosis?
Definition
Myasthenia gravis
Term
What is the problem seen in Myasthenia gravis?
Definition
antibodies that block ACH receptors at the myoneural junction by producing excess cholinesterase
Term
What areas are affected in ALS?  motor or sensory or both?
Definition

Anterior horn and Corticospinl tracts 

UMN symptoms in lower extremity and LMN in upper extremity from distal to proximal

motor only

Term
What areas are affected in PLS?  What is the likely cause?
Definition

Combined systems disease

DCML and Corticospinal tracts

long term pernicious anemia

Term
Patient has a cape-like distribution of pins and needles sensation as well as loss of pain and temp sensation bilaterally.  What is the likely diagnosis?
Definition

Syringomyelia

cyst-like formation from the central canal of SC

Term

cerebellar vermis goes through the Foramen Magnum

Definition

Arnold chiari malformation

 

Term
What results from hydrocephalus seen in Arnold Chiari?  What can be seen in the lumboscral region?
Definition

build up of CSF in th lateral ventricles

Syringomyelia

SBO at lumbosacral region with Meningomyelocele

Term
What area is affected in Huntington's chorea?  What does this produce?
Definition

 hereditary onset (CR4) caudate nucleus (basal ganglia)

deficiency of GABA which leads to dementia and death

Term
What is the #1 cause of pre-senile dementia?  What can be seen in this condition?
Definition

Alzheimer's

neurofibrillary tangles, atrophy of the cerebral cortex, decrease ACH, Al deposits in brain

Term
What area is affected in Friedreich's ataxia?
Definition
lesions of sclerosis of spinocerebellar tract
Term
What disease produces ascending paralysis typically after an influenza vaccine?  How is this different from MS?  ALS?
Definition

Guillian Barre 

demyelination of Schwann cells in the PNS, MS is in the CNS

GB produces areflexia as well as ascending paralysis while ALS has no sensory loss

Term
What can cause alcoholic psychosis?  What deficiency is seen?
Definition

Korsakoff

thiamine (Vit B1)

Term
What disease causes atrophy of peroneal muscles and sometime the Tibialis Anterior?
Definition
Charcot Marie Tooth
Term
What gender is most at risk for Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy?  What muscles are affected?  What maneuvers can be seen?
Definition

males (x-linked)

pseudohypertrophy of calves (muscle replaced with fat) - proximal muscles affected

Gower's maneuver and waddling gait

Term
What causes salty baby syndrome?  What areas are affected?
Definition

Cystic Fibrosis

chloride channels (produce salty sweat)

affects gastrointestinal and respiratory mucous linings and exocrine secretions

Term
What organism causes pneumoniae in Cystic Fibrosis patients?
Definition
Pseudomonas aueriginosa
Term
protein malnutrition causing edema in the abdomen
Definition
Kwashiorkor
Term
calorie malnutrition which includes protein
Definition
Marasmus
Term
Kayser Fleisher rings seen on the iris d/t increase copper
Definition
Wilson's
Term

Diabetes insipidus

Definition
posterior pituitary problem causing decrease ADH levels and dehydration
Term

What is the problem seen in Diabetes Mellitus?  What three symptoms does it produce?

Definition

decrease insulin by beta cells of pancreas (Islets of Langherhans)

polydypsia, polyuria, polyphagia

Term
Where can the early signs of Diabetes Mellitus manifest?  What conditions lead to their death?
Definition

eyes

MI (m/c) or renal failure

Term
What is the karyotype and characteristics seen with Turner's sundrome?
Definition

45XO (females)

short stature, webbed neck, lacks female secondary characteristics. amenorrhea

 

Term
What is the karyotype and characteristics seen in Kleinfelter's syndrome?
Definition

47XXY (males)

tall, low IQ, testicular atrophy, gynecomastia, sterile

Term
What is the most common form of mental retardation?  What is the karyotype involved?
Definition

Fragile X syndrome

minimum 2X and 1 or more Y

fragile site = XQ27

Term
What is the deficiency seen in Phenylketonuria?
Definition

lacks phenylalanine hydroxylase

cannot convert phenylalanine to tyrosine

retardation can be controlled by diet if caught early

Term
What deficiency is seen in Von Gierke's?
Definition

lacks glucose 6-phosphatase

excess glycogen deposited in liver

Term
What deficiency is seen in Tay Sach's and what can result from this disease?
Definition

hexosaminidase deficiency

increased gangliosides in the brain

cherry red spots in the macula, infant death

Term
What accummulates in Gaucher's?  Krabbe's?
Definition

glucocerebrosides in brain, liver, spleen

galactocerebroside in white matter

Term
What is deficient in Niemann Pick's?
Definition
sphingomyelinase deficiency causing increase in sphingomyelins
Term
What accumulates in Alkaptonuria?  What sypmtoms are seen?
Definition

homogentisic acid (tyrosine intermediate)

blue-black deposits in ears, nose, cheeks

orchosis (calcificatio of discs of spine)

Term
Teratoma
Definition
tumor of all three germ layers
Term
Adenoma
Definition
tumor of glandular tissue
Term

Krukenberg's?  aka?

Definition

cancer of the stomach that metastasizes to the ovary

Signet Ring Cell tumor

Term
Wilm's tumor
Definition
nephroblastome in children
Term

Leiomyoma

Rhabdomyoma

Definition

tumor of smooth muscle (fibroids in uterus)

tumor of striated muscle or heart muscle

Term

Xanthoma

Chondroma

Definition

yellow tumor of connective tissue

benign tumor of cartilage

Term
What is the most common benign tumor of the spine?
Definition
hemangioma (tumor of BV)
Term
What is the most common bone cancer in children?
Definition
osteosarcoma
Term
What is the most common benign cardiac tumor?
Definition
Myxoma
Term
most common papilloma seen
Definition

associated with warts

HPV-16

Term
Where are Virchow's nodes commonly seen? 
Definition
enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes on the left d/t metastasis mainly from GI tract
Term
differentiate leukoplakia from candida infection
Definition
leukoplakia are white patches on the oral mucosa that cannot be wiped off whereas candida can be scraped off
Term
What type of cells increase in Hodgkin's?  acute inflammation?  chronic inflammation?
Definition

basophils

neutrophils

lymphocytes

Term
What are the natural killer cells?
Definition

monocytes

eosinophils

neutrophils

Term
What are the granulocytes?
Definition

basophils

eosinophils

neutrophils

Term
What are the steps of acquired immunity?
Definition

antigen enters

phagocytosed by macrophages

antigen exposed to B cells and T helper cells

T cells make sure B cells react to lymphokines

B cells make plasma cells

plasma cells make antibodies forming immune complex

Term
What cells are involved with natural immunity?
Definition

NK cells

mast cells

basophils

macrophages

Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
thickening, calcification, and loss of elasticity of arterial walls
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
lipid deposits (atheroma) in the intima of large and medium sized arteries causing narrowing of arterial lumen
Term
Monkeberg's sclerosis
Definition
calcification of tunica media of medium sized arteries
Term
What are the 3 types of aneurysms seen and which is most common?
Definition

berry in Circle of Willis

dissecting: longitudinal tearing of aorta

abdominal aorta (most common)

Term
What can result from rupture of a berry aneurysm?  What can result from an abdominal aorta aneurysm?
Definition

subarachnoid hemorrhage

low back pain d/t erosion of anterior vertebral body

Term
A young male who smokes heavily develops intermittent claudication in the lower extremity.
Definition
Buerger's (thromboangitis obliterans)
Term
A woman who is a heavy smoker suddenly develops vasospasm of the arteries and triphasic color change in the hands and feet.  What is the likely diagnosis and what type of gangrene can result?
Definition

Raynaud's

dry gangrene

Term
A patient with long standing hypertension develops a rope-like cord of the temporal artery.  What is the likely diagnosis?
Definition

Temporal arteritis (Giant cell arteritis)

 

Term

What can produce an absent pulse?

Definition

Takayasu arteritis

granulomatous inflammation of the aortic arch

Term
If a newborn has deficiency of both B cells and T cells, what is there atrophy in?
Definition
bone marrow
Term
What type of embolism is seen in a long bone fracture?
Definition
fat embolism
Term
What is seen in Teratology of Fallot?
Definition

Dextrorotation of the aorta

Right ventricular hypertrophy

Interventricular septal defect

Pulmonic stenosis

(DRIP)

Term
What changes are seen in blood pressure and where is the defect with coarctation of the aorta?
Definition
narrowing of the lumen after the left subclavian artery branch produces increased BP in upper extremities and decreased BP in lower extremities
Term
What produces a seriously enlarged lymph node and Pel Epstein fever?  What is present in the diagnosis?
Definition

Hodgkin's lymphoma

Reed Sternberg cell

Term
What type of lymphoma produces a starry sky appearance?  What country is common?
Definition

Burkett's lymphoma (non-hodgkin's)

Africa

Term

Bruton's agammaglobunemia

Definition

X-linked hereditary

B cell deficiency

Term
multiple myeloma
Definition

m/c primary malignancy of bone

leukemia of bone marrow affecting plasma cells resulting in build up of amyloid

Term
What radiologic findings can be seen in multiple myeloma?  What is seen in the urine?  lab findings?
Definition

spares pedicles, punched out lesions (rain drop) in the skull, cold bone scan

Bence Jones proteins

reverse A/G ratio

IgG monoclonal spike

Term

What is the leukemia seen in children?  older adults?

Definition

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

Term
What is the most common leukemia in adults?  Which is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome?
Definition

Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) - worst

Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) -young adults

Term
DiGeorge's syndrome
Definition

congenital hypoplasia of the thymus

Tcell deficiency

Term
What types of anemia result from loss of RBCs?
Definition

hemorrhagic

hemolytic (sickle cell, malaria)

Thalassemia Major

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Term
What types of anemia result from lack of RBCs?
Definition

iron deficiency (most common)

pernicious (intrinsic factor)

folic acid (pregnancy)

B-12 (vegetarians)

bone marrow suppression (toxins/chemo)

Term

What supplements the reaction from prothrombin to thrombin?

Definition
Vit K and Calcium
Term
What immune products are seen in Type I hypersentivity and how long does it take to react?
Definition

IgE, basophils, mast cells

15-30 minutes

Term
What immune products are seen in Type II hypersentivity and how long does it take to react?
Definition

Ag-Ab direct attack, IgG

minutes to hours

Term
What immune products are seen in Type III hypersentivity and how long does it take to react?
Definition

Ag-Ab complex and complement

3-10 hours

Term
What immune products are seen in Type IV hypersentivity and how long does it take to react?
Definition

T cells

48 hours

Term
What can be seen in Rheumatoid arthritis and what type of nodes are seen?
Definition

ulnar deviation of wrist

ankylosis of spine

pannus formation over joints and synovium

Haygarth and Brouchard's

Term
What is the most common arthritic condition in practice?  What type of symptoms can be seen and nodes present?
Definition

Osteoarthritis

unilateral degeneration in weight bearing joints (hips/knees)

decreased joint space, subchondral sclerosis, osteophytes

Haberdeen's nodes at DIP

Term

Gouty arthritis

Podagra

Definition

inabilty to properly digest purines resulting in excess uric acid in blood and tophi formation

produces synovial thickening and secondary inflammatory edema

 

gout of big toe

Term
What symptoms are associated with Reiter's?  What is the infection seen?
Definition

uveitis or conjunctivitis, urethritis, RA

Chlamydia infections

Term

What is also know as Libman Sach's endocarditis and what does it produce?  What tests can be diagnostic?

Definition

SLE produces Ab against DNA (autoimmune)

butterfly (malar) rash on face

ANA and FANA test

Term
What causes calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament?  What age is this seen? What disease is this correlated with?
Definition

DISH (diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis)

men over 50 YOA

Diabetes mellitus

Term
Crest syndrome
Definition
calcinosis cutis, Raynaud's, esophageal dysphagia, sclerodactyly
Term
What can be seen on xray for a patient with Scleroderma?
Definition

progressive systemic sclerosis

resorption of distal tufts of phalanges

Term
What is associated with Brodie's abscess and what infection is likely to cause this?
Definition

chronic osteomyelitis

sequestrum (dead necrotic bone) and involucrum (new bone formation)

S. aureus infection

Term
What is the most common tumor of the knee?
Definition
Giant cell tumor
Term
What type of tumor produces night pain relieved by aspirin?
Definition
Osteoid osteoma
Term
What type of tumor produces an onion-skin (laminated) type of periosteal reaction?
Definition
Ewing's sarcoma
Term
Which type of tumor produces a sandwich vertebrae appearance?
Definition
Osteopetrosis (Marble Bone Disease, Albers Schonbergs disease)
Term
What type of metaplasia is seen in Myostitis ossificans?  Where is the most common site and cause?
Definition

calcium or bone within muscle tissue

quads and biceps

trauma (athletes)

Term
What are 2 disease produce Cafe au Lait spots?
Definition

Neurofibromatosis (coast of CA)

Fibrous dysplasia (coast of ME)

Term
What produces blue sclera and brittle bones?
Definition
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Term
What is the most common congenital defect of growth plates and cause of dwarfism?
Definition

Achondroplasia

failure of normal epiphyseal cartilage formation

Term
A young male develops low back pain and stiffness.  What is likely?  What other symptoms can this lead to?
Definition

Ankylosing Spondylitis (Marie Strumpells DZ)

abdominal aorta aneurysm and iritis

Term
What is seen in Legg Calve Perthese?
Definition
osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis of bone d/t ischemia
Term
What tumor produces a ground glass appearance?
Definition
Fibrous dysplasia
Term

What is the action of prednisone?  NSAIDS?

Definition

phospholipase A2 inhibitor

cyclooxygenase inhibitor

Term
What is the content of transudate?  exudate?
Definition

fluid and low protein

fluid and high protein from damaged capillaries

Term
What is seen in Graves DZ?
Definition
hyperthyroidism, exophthalmosis, heat intolerance, weight loss, rapid HR, hair loss
Term
What is seen in Myxedema?
Definition
hypothyroidism, weight gain, cold intolerance, slow HR, slow mentation, hairloss on lateral 1/3 of eyebrows
Term
What is hypothyroidism in children?  autoimmune cause?
Definition

Cretinism

Hashimotos

Term
Mallory Weiss syndrome
Definition
lacerations of distal esophagus and proximal stomach during vomitting
Term
Nephrotic syndrome
Definition
hypertension, edema, massive proteinuria
Term
Nephritic syndrome
Definition
small amounts of protein
Term

tumor seen in cerebellar vermis of children

Definition
Medulloblastoma
Term
tumor seen in cerebrum
Definition
Glioblastoma Multiforme
Term
tumor seen in the cerebral hemispheres
Definition

Oligodendroglioma

Term
Which brain tumor is the most common?  has the best prognosis?  worst prognosis?
Definition

astrocytoma

astrocytoma

Glioblastoma Multiforme

Term
achalasia
Definition
esophageal spasm which causes megaesophagus d/t abesence of myenteric plexus
Term
Where is Type I collagen found?
Definition
bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments
Term
Where is Type II collagen found?  Type III?  Type IV?
Definition

IVD

early wound healing

basement membrane

Term
What 3 conditions are common in Marfans syndrome?
Definition

subluxation/dislocation of lens

arachnodactyly

dissecting aortic aneurysm

Term
chronic RA with splenomegaly
Definition
Felty's syndrome
Term

What can be seen with Sjogren's?

Definition
dry eyes (xerophthalmia) and dry mouth (xerostomia)
Term
projectile vomitting in a newborn
Definition
pyloric stenosis
Term
pheochromocytoma
Definition

"neuroblastoma" 

benign tumor of chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla

produces excess NE/Epi causing episodic hypertension

Term
What produces hair on end appearance and what are the possible names?
Definition

Thalassemia Major

Mediterranean anemia

Cooley's anemia

Homozygous Beta Thalassemia

Term
What produces an H shaped vertebrae on xray?
Definition
Sickel cell anemia
Term

Epispadias

Hypospadias

Definition

urethra exits on dorsal surface of penis

urethra exits on ventral surface of penis

Term
What are the causes of Charcot's joints?
Definition

diabetes

Tabes dorsalis

Syringomyelia

Leprosy

Corticosteroids

Alcoholic neuropathy

Term
What are Charcot's joints?  Where are they commonly found?
Definition

hypermobile painless joints

ankle/foot then knee

tibial plateau becomes concave on xray

Term
Von Willebrand DZ
Definition
Hemophilia A - factor 8 deficiency
Term
Christmas DZ
Definition
Hemophilia B - factor 9 deficiency
Term

Hemophilia C

Stuart factor

Hagemann factor

Definition

factor 11 deficiency

factor 10

factor 12

Term
What is seen in Horner's syndrome?
Definition

ptosis

miosis

anhydrosis

enophthalmosis

Term
What is seen in Polycystic Ovary DZ?
Definition

anovulation

obesity

hirsutism

Term
What is the most common lung cancer in smokers?  non-smokers?
Definition

squamous cell

adenocarcinoma

Term
What can result from benzene poisoning?  arsenic poisoning?
Definition

aplastic anemia

lung cancer

Term
What conditions can result in increased HCG?
Definition

pregnancy

Hydatidiform mole

Term
Where can you commonly find a unicameral bone cyst?  osteoblastoma?
Definition

long bones

neural arch in children

Term
What is the most common breast tumor?  most common primary cancer?
Definition

fibroadenoma of the breast

hepatocellular liver cancer

Term
What causes cervical cancer?
Definition
HPV-16
Term
Where does metastasis from the lung commonly go?
Definition
brain
Term
Where is a common location for stomach cancer?  aka?
Definition

lesser curvature of the stomach

leather bottle stomach

Term

Where does the osteonecrosis occur:

Leg Calve Perthe

Sheurmann's

Osgood Schlatter

Keinboch's

Definition

hip

end plates of vertebrae

tibial tuberosity

lunate

Term
What is the most common wrist fracture?  most common neuropathic joint?
Definition

Collie's fracture

foot

Term
What type of tumor is seen with hyperparthyroidism?
Definition
Brown's tumor
Term
Where can you see Adie's pupil?
Definition
CN III damage causing tonic constriction of pupil
Term

Pritz Medal Angina

 

Cardiac Tamponade

Definition

coronary arteery vasospasm

 

fluid in pericardial sac

Term
What can cause valvular lesions?
Definition
tooth extraction
Term
What condition produces Chirshmann's spirals?
Definition
Asthma
Term
Honeycomb lung
Definition
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Term
Reye's syndrome
Definition
aspirin taken with a viral infection causing hepatomegaly and splenomegaly
Term
What is the most common stone accumulation?
Definition

kidney stones (nephrolithesis)

Calcium oxalate accumulation

Term
What is the most common cause of hydronephrosis?
Definition
prostate problems
Term
What is the most common cause of Frank red blood?
Definition

Hemorrhoids

Term
Hand Schuller Christian
Definition
histolytic granuloma from lipid accumulation
Term
most common site for endometriosis
Definition
ovary
Term
What causes a rugger jersey appearance on xray?
Definition
HPT
Term
What are two common benign tumors of the epiphysis?
Definition

chondroblastoma (younger)

GCT (older)

Term
What are the five common benign tumors of the metaphysis?
Definition

osteoblastoma

osteochondroma

non-ossifying fibroma

osteoid osteoma

chondromyxoid fibroma

Term
What are two common benign tumors of the diaphysis?
Definition

enchondroma (hand)

fibrous dysplasia

Term
What are two common malignant tumors of the diaphysis?
Definition

Ewing's sarcoma

chondrosarcoma

Term
What is a common malignant tumor seen in the metaphysis?
Definition
osteosarcoma (femur)
Term
What prevents platelets from sticking to the endothelial wall?
Definition
prostaglandins
Term

Brown lung

White lung

Definition

Byssinosis

Asbestosis

Term
What two conditions can cause bloody diarrhea?
Definition

ulcerative collitis

Congenital Megacolon (Hirschprung's)

Term
What happens to muscle in UMN lesion?  LMN?
Definition

spastic (hypertonic)

flaccid (hypotonic)

Term
What metabolic condition can cause prolonged wound healing ?
Definition
hyperglycemia decreases immune function
Term
What causes fatty liver?  nutmeg liver?
Definition

chronic alcohol consumption

right sided heart failure

Term

wafer thin vertebrae seen in a 12 year old

Definition
Histiocytosis X
Term
Most common area for a Schwanomma
Definition
CN VIII
Term
Where does psoriatic arthritis begin?
Definition
SI and ankles
Term
What are the phases seen in Paget's and what is the pathogenic cell seen?
Definition

lytic

mixed

blastic

degenerative

osteoclastic cell seen in lytic phase

Term
What are the 3 common tumors of women?  men?
Definition

breast, lung, colon

prostate, lung, colon

Term
What are the steps of acute inflammation?
Definition

vasoconstriction of BV close to skin surface

vasodilation (redness)

tissue swelling (histamine response)

wound healing (myofibroblast causes wound contraction)

Term
What are the signs of inflammation?
Definition

swelling

heat

abnormal function

redness

pain

(SHARP)

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