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Patho Inflamm
Inflammation
44
Pathology
Graduate
12/07/2011

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Cards

Term
Histamine
Definition
released from mast cells and basophils, causes vasodilation & bronchoconstriction
Term
Serotonin
Definition
released from platelets. increases vasodilation.
Term
Bradykinins
Definition
increases vasodilation and perception of pain in that area.
Term
Prostaglandins/Leukotrienes
Definition
come from cell membranes being damaged. Arterioles open up & increase vascular permeability.
Term
Platelet Activating Factor
Definition
additional vasoactive mediator. (activated platelets)
Term
Chemotactic Factors
Definition
C5a- complement proteins-engulf debris
Term
Polymorphonuclear Cells
Definition
Neutrophils-engulf as much tissue as it can then dies there.
Term
Platelets
Definition
Pieces of cells rush to the area to plug up damaged capillary to limit loss of blood.
Term
Monocyte becomes this once outside the vessel/in the interstitial fluid
Definition
Macrophages
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
consist of B & T cells depending on cause of CHRONIC inflammation
Term
Plasma Cells
Definition
make antibodies by B cells
Term
Fibrocytes/fibroblasts
Definition
these guys lay down collagen for repair.
Term
Endothelial Cells
Definition
open up for permeability
Term
Hemodynamic Changes
Definition
alterations in bloodflow
Term
Arteriole
Definition
acts as a stop cock for hemodynamic changes
Term
Vasoconstriction
Definition
short lived-seconds to minutes, controlled by sympathetic discharge.
Term
Vasodilation
Definition
hyperemia; overriding effect is arterioles open wide.
Term
Endothelial Cells
Definition
contract opening junctions between the cells known as tight junctions. Inc. vasc. perm.
Term
Plasma Proteins
Definition
leak out, resulting in a reduced capillary osmotic pressure, increased interstitial osmotic pressure. (inc. vasc. perm.)
Term
Increased Vascular permeability
Definition
increases the stasis & congestion of RBC's & WBC's
Term
Transudate--ex. sunburn
Definition
pure water coming across endothelial cells
Term
Exudate
Definition
plasma proteins and water leaking out
Term
Serosanginous Exudate
Definition
RBC's, plasma proteins & water present in interstitium
Term
Vasoactive Substance (Plasma Derived)
Definition
Hageman clotting factor 12 & complement usually float around in blood in an inactive form.
Term
Vasoactive substance (Cell Derived)
Definition
Mast cells, basophils, platelets, PMN's, monocytes/macrophages.
Term
bradykinin
Definition
a compound released in the blood in some circumstances that causes contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of blood vessels. It is a peptide comprising nine amino-acid residues.
Term
complement
Definition
antibody attaches to a cell and inserts a channel.
Term
arachidonic acid
Definition
destruction of the fatty tails leads to the formation of ______________. Also precursor to prostaglandins & leukotrienes
Term
Leukotrienes
Definition
are slow acting substances of anaphylaxis
Term
Basophils
Definition
Leave the blood and go into tissue to become Mast cells.
Term
Mast cell release
Definition
vasodilation, endothelial contraction, Bronchoconstriction, & mucus secretion
Term
Anaphylatoxins
Definition
cause trauma leading to Ca influx which leads to exocytosis (release) of histamine.
Term
Opsonin
Definition
molecule that acts as a binding enhancer to facilitate phagocytosis during the breakdown of necrotic tissue.
Term
Fibronectin attracts
Definition
Fibroblasts & macrophages by chemotaxis to healing tissue.
Term
proteoglycans
Definition
secreted in abundance by fibroblasts early during the tissue repair rxn.
Term
Proteoglycans
Definition
bind to fibronectin & collagen to help stabilize tissue undergoing repair.
Term
connective tissue
Definition
support, protection, nourishment, innervation
Term
Collagen
Definition
Glue producer, also the most abundant protein in the body. Provides structural support * tensile strength for almost all tissues & organs of the body
Term
Type I collagen
Definition
most common form—very strong form and can be found in all body tissues. It is the main component of mature scars & abundant in strong tissues such as tendons & bones
Term
type II collagen
Definition
predominant type found in cartilaginous tissue. In the annulus of the disc, it has a ½ life of 3 months; allowing for maintenance of nutritive exchanges possibly delaying further degeneration
Term
Type III collagen
Definition
accounts for plasticity of skin & blood vessels. Elastic; strong but supple. It contains interchain disulfide bonds. It is the 1st type deposited in wound healing. More prevalent in newborns.
Term
angiogenesis
Definition
the development of new blood vessels.
Term
Type I collagen
Definition
enhances wound tensile strength & is the main component of the scar tissue that remains after repair is completed.
Term
Wound healing
Definition
type III collagen is laid down first in an angiogenesis supported wound. As time passes type III is degraded by enzymes secreted by fibroblasts & is replaced by type 1 collagen.
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