Term
|
Definition
"Hypophysis"
-lies inferior to the hypothalamus which works on the lobes of the pituitary direct or indirect action. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
direct action-posterior pituitary-has nerves that end in the posterior pituitary
indirect action-anterior pituitary-secretes regulatory hormones to A.P. to secrete or not. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"Neuro-hypophysis"- hormones are packaged in the hypothalamus. goes directly to the target no intermediary. Goes straight and affects the target tissue.
Oxytocin- released during sex for both male and female. Short lived, a couple days, released during breast feeding
antidiuretic hormone-"vasopressin" lasts longer, decreases urine output. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"adeno-hypophysis"- goes through intermediary before it reaches its final target tissue.. The hypothalamus secretes regulator hormones to A.P. to secrete or not.
5 cell types "tropes" give us 6 A.P. hormones
-somatotrope- GH
-lactotrope- prolactin
-gonadotrope- Gonadotropins (Gn)
-thyrotropes- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
-corticotropes- adrenocorticotropic H (ACTH) and Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all pituitary hormones are low except prolactin. When there is a loss of of dopamine prolactin levels go up. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
primary- the gland is somehow affected
secondary- the hormone produced is affected |
|
|
Term
ADH: Excess
SIADH-syndrome of inappropriate ADH |
|
Definition
usually from a tumor-from lung metastasis
-hyponatremia-cellular swelling
reduced unrinary output
fluid retention, weight gain
weakness, fatigue, lethargy, muscle cramping
N/V, anorexia
cerebral swelling with clinical consequences |
|
|
Term
ADH deficiency:
diabetes insipidus-renal type, kidneys aren't responding to ADH |
|
Definition
problem making or producing ADH
etiology: trauma to the head, alcohol, tumors
hypernatremia
polyuria, nocturia, polydipsia
decreased food intake, acute weight loss
dehydration, thirst, disorientation, lethargy, seizures
further electrolyte loss |
|
|
Term
Growth hormone deficiency:
pituitary dwarfism |
|
Definition
-primary target liver to raise blood glucose levels-gluconogenesis, has a large role in metabolism
-increase of bone and cartilage
-breaks down fats
-increase muscle mass
-tumor in the pituitary hormone
normal birth weight and length
growth impairment
hypoglycemia
hypothyroidism
thin habitus
delayed dentition
delayed puberty
any facial features in center of face at birth signifies problem |
|
|
Term
Growth hormone prepubertal excess:
gigantism |
|
Definition
all bones growing in increased fashion, happens before epiphysis
increased proportional growth
muscular hypertrophy/atrophy
goiter and hypermetabolism
HTN
reduced life span
few acromegalic features may occur |
|
|
Term
growth hormone postpubertal excess:
acromegaly |
|
Definition
soft tissue hypertrophy
increased bone density
large hands and feet
coarse facial features
weight gain
glucose intolerance
arthritis
paresthesia
headaches
gonadal atrophy in late stages |
|
|
