Term
Innate resistance or immunity:
a) involves "memory"
b) is a development of an individual's later years
c) is a relatively slow and specific process
d) depends on physical, mechanical, and biochemical barriers |
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Definition
| d - depends on physical, mechanical, and biochemical barriers |
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Term
Complement is:
a) a series of proteins in the blood
b) an antibody
c) a hormone
d) a lyphokine |
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Definition
| a - a series of proteins in the blood |
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Term
Diapedesis is a process in which:
a) neutrophils migrate from the bloodstream to an injured tissue site
b) phagocytes stick to capillary and venule walls
c) bacteria are "coated" with an opsonin
d) there is oxygen-dependent killing of cells |
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Definition
| a - neutrophils migrate from the bloodstream to an injured tissue site |
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Term
Interferon:
a) interferes with the ability of bacteria to cause disease
b) prevents viruses from infecting healthy host cells
c) inhibits macrophage migration from inflamed sites
d) increases the phagocytic activity of macrophages |
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Definition
| b - prevents viruses from infecting healthy host cells |
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Term
The sequence of inflammatory events within the vasculature is:
a) slower blood flow, arteriolar vasoconstriction, increased capillary permeability, edema
b) arteriolar vasoconstriction, vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, plasma leakage, edema
c) vasodilation, vasoconstriction, decreased local blood flow to injured site, edema
d) blood becoming more viscous, vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, edema |
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Definition
| b - arteriolar vasoconstriction, vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, plasma leakage, edema |
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Term
The inflammatory response:
a) prevents blood from entering the injured tissue
b) elevates the body temperature to prevent spread of infection
c) prevents the formation of abscesses
d) minimizes injury and promotes healing |
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Definition
| d - minimizes injury and promotes healing |
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Term
The sequence for phagocytosis is:
a) margination or pavementing, recognition of the target, adherence or binding, fusion with lysosomes inside the phagocyte
b) diapedesis, margination or pavementing, phagosome formation, recognition of the target, fusion with lysosomes inside the phagocyte
c) recognition of the target, margination or pavementing, destruction of the target by lysosomal enzymes
d) margination, diapedesis, recognition, adherence, ingestion, fusion with lysosomes inside the phagocyte, destruction of the target |
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Definition
| d - margination, diapedesis, recognition, adherence, ingestion, fusion with lysosomes inside the phagocyte, destruction of the target |
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Term
Swelling during acute inflammation is caused by:
a) collagenase
b) the fluid exudate
c) lymphocytic margination
d) neutrophilic margination
e) anaerobic glycolysis |
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Definition
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Term
Recognition of abnormal environmental components so cells can respond to these substances is by binding to cell surface receptors. Cells involved in innate resistance have:
a) T-Cell receptors (TCRs)
b) B-Cell receptors (BCRs)
c) pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
d) pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) |
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Definition
| d - pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) |
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Term
Mast cell degranulation releases:
a) histamine, neutrophil chemotactic factor, and leukotrienes
b) histamine, IL-4, and eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
c) histamine and prostaglandins
d) histamine and platelet-activating factor |
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Definition
| b - histamine, IL-4, and eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis |
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Term
Chronic inflammation is characterized by:
a) hypertrophy
b) metaplasia
c) neutrophilic infiltration
d) lymphocytic and macrophagic infiltration |
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Definition
| d - lymphocytic and macrophagic infiltration |
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Term
Scar tissue is:
a) nonfunctional collagenous and fibrotic tissue
b) functional tissue that occurs after wound healing
c) regenerated tissue formed in the area of the injury
d) fibrinogen that has entrapped phagocytes and neurons |
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Definition
| a - nonfunctional collagenous and fibrotic tissue |
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