Term
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Definition
-Pasteurella multocida
-Pasteurella haemolytica
-Haemophilus influenza
-Actinobacillus ligineresii
-Actinobacillus equuli
-Actinobacillus pleuropneuomia |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Pasteurella spp. - main dz |
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Definition
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Term
| Pasteurella multocida - source |
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Definition
-poor environmental survivor
-most commensals - mammals naso-oropharynx (need predisposition to cause dz.)
NB: in birds P. multocida is only pathogenic, never commensal
Some are primary pathogens - exogenous transmission - airborne / food / water |
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Term
| Pasteurella multocida - main dz. cattle |
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Definition
| -esp a problem late autumn /early spring w. housng
-shipping fever - cause of gr. economic loss |
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Term
| Pasturella multocida - main dz. sheep |
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Definition
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Term
| Pasteurella multocida - main dz. pigs |
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Definition
-shipping fever (less common than in cows)
-atrophic rhinitis - bact. colonise turbinates |
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Term
| Pasteurella multocida - main dz. rabbits |
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Definition
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Term
| Pasteurella multocida - main dz. birds |
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Definition
| -fowl cholera - remember P. multocida is always pathogenic and never a commensal in birds
-therefore inf. in birds is always acute
-causes GI dysentery-like problems
-high mortality |
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Term
| Pasteurella multocida - serotyping |
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Definition
Capsular antigens - A,B,D,E,F
O antigens 1-16 |
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Term
| Pasteurella haemolytica - source |
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Definition
| -commensal of naso-oropharynx of ruminants (less so in pigs) |
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Term
| Pasteurella haemolytica - main dz cattle |
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Definition
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Term
| Pasteurella haemolytica - main dz. sheep / lambs |
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Definition
-sheep: shipping fever (less of a problem than in cattle), also mastitis
-lambs: deep invasion - septicaemia |
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Term
| Pasteurella haemolytica - main dz. poultry and pigs |
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Definition
| -not v. prominent cause of URT inf |
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Term
| Pasteurella haemolytica - serotyping |
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Definition
Capsular antigens - 1-16
Biotypes A-T (depending on sugar fermented) |
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Term
| Pasteurella haemolytica - prevention |
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Definition
-no. of vacc. available
-including an edible vacc (expression in arable crops) - creates mucosal im. resp. c.f. systemic - ideal |
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Term
| P. multocida and P. haemolytica differences |
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Definition
| P. haemolytica has esp. active leukotocin and so more acute than P. multocida |
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Term
| P. multocida and P. haemolytica differences - dz. in poutry |
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Definition
P. multocida is acute and severe (no commensal activity) - results in fowl cholera and high mortality
P. haemolytica - not. v. prominent cause of URT inf. |
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Term
| P. multocida and P. haemolytica differences - dz. in pigs |
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Definition
P. multocida - shipping fever and atrophic rhinitis
P. haemolytica - not. v. prominent cause of URT inf. |
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Term
| P. multocida and P. haemolytica differences - serotyping |
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Definition
Both have capsular antigens
P. multocida cap. antigens A,B,D,E,F
P. haemolytica cap. antigens 1-16
P.multocida has 0 antigens 1-16
P.haemolytica has biotypes A-T |
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Term
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Definition
-normally commensal esp URT, also GIT and UGT
-some strict parasites
i.e. inf. can be exogenous and endogenous |
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Term
| Haemophilus influenza - main dz. |
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Definition
primarily resp. dz
-can spread to cause meningitis / joint infection
-seen in humans and primates |
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Term
| Haemophilus somnus - main dz. |
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Definition
-when opportunistic commensal --> pathogenic
-resp. joints, genital tract, brain |
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Term
| Actinobacillus spp. - source |
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Definition
normally commensals of oral cavity and GIT
Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia is an exception - commensal of URT |
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Term
| Actinobacillus lignieresii - source |
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Definition
| -oral / GIT commensal common in cattle and sheep - entry via wounds |
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Term
| Actinobacillus lignieresii - main dz. |
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Definition
| wooden tongue - toungue becomes hard w. bact. infiltrate |
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Term
| Actinobacillus lignieresii - pathogenesis |
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Definition
-commensal bact. enter via wounds
-multiple abscesses of head, neck, tounge
-ulceration and drainage
-granules in pus (small, <1mm, grey-white) |
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Term
| Actinobacillus lignieresii - tx |
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Definition
-drain abscess
-topical and oral iodine
-antibiotics |
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Term
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia - source |
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Definition
-URT commensal - very contagious
-entry following stress and decr. immunity - track down into lungs |
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Term
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia - main dz. |
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Definition
contagious pleuropneumonia
-acute (can be fatal in 24hours )and chronic forms |
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Term
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia - virulence determinants |
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Definition
-haemolysin - kills WBC - results in im. complexes and damaged b.v.
-capsule is anti-phagocytic w. LPS - adherance to resp tract |
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Term
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia - control |
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Definition
-bact inf. is associated w. extremes of change in temp - avoid chilling, over-crowding, poor ventilation
-antibiotics
-vaccine - in activated / serotype specific (NB: quite a few different strains and vary between EU and US so care) |
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Term
| Actinobacillus equuli - source |
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Definition
oral / GIT commensal
entry via ingestion, umbilical cord, inf, in utero |
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Term
| Actinobacillus equuli - main dz. |
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Definition
-severe enteritis w. death in 24 hours
-septicaemia and systemic purulent problems w. death in 2-3 days |
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Term
| Actinobacillus equuli - control |
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Definition
-antibiotics (streptomycin) for neonate
-good hygiene at birth - quite a large no. occur due to ingestion of faeces at birth
-no vaccine |
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Term
| Actinobacillus lignieresii, A. pleuropneuomia, A. equuli - differences |
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Definition
A. lignieresii and A. equuli are oral and GIT commensals c.f. A. pleuropneuomia which is URT commensal
A. lignieresii rel. mild - wooden tongue
c.f. A. pleuropneuomia (acute) and A. equuli - both fatal in |
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