Term
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Definition
Malaria
Diagnosis: symptomology/epidemiology; blood smear; antibody test, PCR
(Plasmodium vivax most deadly)
Exo-erythrocytic cycle - liver (latent)
Erythrocytic cycle - blood cells (active)
Sporogonic cycle - mosquito (reproductive) |
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Term
| Babesia microti & B. divergens |
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Definition
Babesiosis
Diagnosis: symptomology/epidemiology; blood smear (look for tetrad); antibody test, past- xenodiagnosis
Erythrocytic cycle - blood cells
sporogonic cycle - mosquito |
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Term
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Definition
Leishmaniasis
Diagnosis: symptomology/epidemiology; blood smear; biopsy of skin lesions
Cutaneous (blood cells)
Mucocutaneous (mosquito)
Visceral |
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Term
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Definition
African Sleeping Sickness
(West Africa - T.b. gambiense - slow)
(East Africa - T.b. rhodiensience - fast)
Diagnosis: symptomology/epidemiology; visualize in blood, CSF, or lymph; serology (high IgM titers)
Trypanosoma cruzii (Texas, C/S America) |
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Term
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Definition
Intestinal nematode - round worm - 20-30 cm
Ascariasis
Diagnosis: fecal exam (eggs); sputum exam (larvae); eosinophilia
1/4 of the planet population infected
45% of Latin America; 95% of Africa |
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Term
| Ancyclostoma duodenale & Necator americanus |
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Definition
Intestinal nematodes - hook worms - 1 cm
Diagnosis: fecal exam (eggs); sputum exam (larvae); eosinophilia |
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Term
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Definition
Intestinal nematode - thread worm - 2 mm
Diagnosis: fecal exam/string test (larvae); sputum exam (larvae); eosinophilia |
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Term
| Trichuris trichuria & Enterobius vericularis |
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Definition
Intestinal nematode - whip and pin worms - 1-5 cm
Diagnosis: fecal exam (eggs); scotch tape test for E.v.; no eosinophilia (no tissue invasion) |
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Term
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Definition
Intestinal nematode - round worm - 1-3 mm
Trichinosis
Diagnosis: biopsy (cysts); serology; serum muscle enzymes (increased CPK levels); eosinophilia |
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Term
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Definition
Blood/tissue nematodes - Guinea worms - 100 cm
Diagnosis: visualize looped worm; remove via stick rotated through loop on a daily basis (caduceus) |
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Term
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Definition
Blood/tissue nematode - dog hook worm - 1 cm
Diagnosis: biopsy leading edge of rash |
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Term
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Definition
Blood trematode - fluke - 1 cm
Diagnosis: visualize eggs in feces or urine; ultrasound of liver; eosinophilia |
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Term
| Taenia saginata and T. solium |
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Definition
Intestinal cestodes - tape worms - 2-10m
Diagnosis: fecal exam (eggs or proglottids); eosinophilia |
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