Term
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Definition
| the mechanical process of moving air and gases in and out of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
is the exchange of gases between a living organism and its enviroment
02 for CO2 |
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Definition
- from the mouth and nose to and including the larynx
- includes the nasal cavity, oral cavity, larynx, and pharynx
- warms filters and humidifies the air intake
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Term
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Definition
| is where the trachea biforcates to each lung |
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Term
Keisselbach's Plexus
(littles area)
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Definition
- most common place for epistaxis (nasal hemorage)
- 4 arteries come together and anastomose
- Anterior ethmoid artery, posterior ethmoid artery, Sphenopalatine artery, and the Greater palantine artery
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inner liner around the lungs no nerve fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| outer liner thoracic cavity contains nerve fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| where the main bronchus comes into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| coordinated interaction among respiratory system, central nervous system, and musculo skeletal system |
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Term
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Definition
moniter pH and CO2 in the CSF (cerebral spinal fluid) triggers breathing located at the aortic arch and corotic arteries
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Term
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Definition
| uses O2 levels in the body to trigger breathing |
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Term
Stretch receptors
(Hering-Breuer reflex)
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Definition
| prevents over expansion of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| passive process (No energy used)thoracic pressure and atmospheric pressure are equal |
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Term
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Definition
| active process muscles expand cavity creating negative pressure in lungs allowing air to fill |
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Term
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Definition
| signals diaphram to contract |
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Term
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Definition
- Nitrogen (N2)
- Oxygen (O2) PaO2 average 80-100
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2) PaCO2 average 35-45
- Water (H2O)
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Term
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Definition
ventillation to profusion mis-match
decreased diffusion across polmonary membrane |
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Term
Total Lung Capacity
(TLC)
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Definition
maximum lung capacity the total amount of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration
about 6 liters in the average adult |
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Term
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Definition
the average volume of gas inhaled or exhaled in a respiratory cycle
adult approx. 500ml's (5-7 ml/kg) |
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Term
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Definition
the amount of gas in the tidal volume that remains in the air passageway unavailable for gas exchange
approx 150ml's adult
anatomic dead space includes trachea and bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
the amount of gas in the tial volume that reaches the alveoli for gas exchange
the difference between tidal volume and dead space approx 350ml's adult |
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Term
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Definition
the amount of gas moved in and out of respiratory tract in 1 min
* Vmin =VT X respiratory rate (RR) |
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Term
| Alveolar Minute Volume VA-min |
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Definition
the amount of gas that reaches the alveoli for gs exchange in 1 min
*VA-min =(VT-VD) X RR or VA X RR |
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Term
| Inspiratory Reserve Volume IRV |
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Definition
| maximum amount of air that can be maximally inhaled after normal inspiration |
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Term
| Expiratory Reserve Volume ERV |
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Definition
| amount of air that can maximally exhaled after a normal expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of air that remains in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration |
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Term
| Forced Expiratory Volume FEV |
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Definition
| amount of air that can be expired after maximal inspiration |
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Term
| CO2 Concentrations in the blood |
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Definition
- blood transports CO2 in the form of bicarbonate ion about 70%
- the other in the hemoglobin about 23%
- the rest is dissolved in the plasma about 7%
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