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Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/06/2014
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Term
Carbohydrates(sugars)
 Definition
Carbon hydrogen oxygen ratio of 1:2:1 (CH20)n
Term
Monosaccharides
 Definition

Disaccharides (two monosaccharides joined together) 

Polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates) 

Sources for energy 

Simplest carbohydrates 

Most are sweet tasting water soluble 

Most have 5 or 6 carbon backbone can be linear or can form rings 

Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose
Term
Disaccharides
 Definition

Two monosaccharides covlaently bonded 

Examples: sucrose- glucose + fructose 

Maltose- Glucose + Glucose 

Lactose- Glucose + Galactose
Term
Polsaccharides
 Definition

Straight or branched chains of man sugar monomers 

Examples: starch- energy storage in plants 

Glycogen-energy storage in animals 

Cellulose- cell wall in plants

Chitin- cell wall in fungi, crustaceans
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