Telemetry

- continuous EKG monitoring

- heart rate, rhythm

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monitors blood pressure

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Doppler ultrasonography

helps determine presence or absence of nonpalpable pulse

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Arterial catheterization

- monitors blood pressure, arterial waveform, continous arterial blood gas analysis

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- a central venous catherization is done to determine central venous pressure (CVP)

- all info moved to cardiovascular-physiology card (to have everything in one place)

separate card on cardiovascular-procedure-central line card

another card on CVP physiology on cardioavascular-physiology card

Using CVP in the ICU in critical care card

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Pulmonary artery catheterization (PCWP)

- it measures CVP, pulmonary artery systolic and pulmonary artery diastolic pressures, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac output

separate card in cardiovascular-procedures-PA catheter

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Indications for invasive monitoring

- complex surgical procedures associated with large-volume shifts

- circulatory instability

- fluid management problems

- deteriorating cardiac function

- deteriorating pulmonary function

- inappropriate response to volume challenge

- unexplained hypoxemia

- severe head injury

- surgical procedures in patients with baseline poor cardiac, respiratory, or renal function

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