Term
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Definition
affinity for glycoproteins with sialic acid residues
tropism for respiratory and GI epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
| Influenza A-of veterinary importance affects all species except cattle and cats |
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Term
| Orthomyxoviridae Characteristics |
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Definition
enveloped, medium sized
protected in snot
ssRNA, negative sense
8 segments that encode for 10 proteins |
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Term
| Hemagglutinin (H-protein) |
|
Definition
viral attachment protein
neutralization target for Abs
virulence factor
uncoating within endosomal vesicle
H-protein must be cleaved to become biologically active
If virus replicates in cell that cannot cleave the H-protein, then progeny cannot be released |
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Term
| Neuraminidase (N-protein) |
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Definition
free progeny from cell receptors
Cleaves sialic acid in mucous to try to get to cell surface |
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Term
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Definition
| receptor mediated endocytosis via cell receptors containing sialic acid residues |
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Term
| Orthomyxoviridae Replication |
|
Definition
Nucleus - RNA to mRNA then viral RNA replication and nucleocapsid assembly
Cytoplasm - maturation of viral progeny |
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Term
| Orthomyxoviridae Incubation Period |
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Definition
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Term
| Orthomyxoviridae Transmission |
|
Definition
| aerosol, orofecal, waterfowl are reservoirs |
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Term
| Orthomyxoviridae Pathogenesis |
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Definition
H-protein binds to VAP on cell
damages respirator epithelium and mucociliary apparatus
fever from IL-1 release |
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Term
|
Definition
frequent mechanism of recurrent infection
non-lethal point mutations in H and N genes
results in progressive accumulation of mutations within one subtype
changes several epitopes to cause recurrent infections |
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Term
|
Definition
infrequent mechanism of recurrent infection
genetic reassortment from 2 co-infecting viruses in a single cell |
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Term
|
Definition
decreased weight gain
100% morbidity, low mortality |
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Term
|
Definition
increased problem due to PRRS
virus isolation and create autologous inactivated vaccine
protect against secondary infections |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Equine Influenza Serotypes (2) |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
quarantine
disinfection
vaccinate every 3-6 months of inactivated vaccine |
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Term
| Canine Influenza Serotype |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
quarantine
decontaminate
vaccinate those at risk |
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Term
| Avian Influenza Characteristics |
|
Definition
Flow Plaque
REPORTABLE
High path AI and Low Path AI determined by genotype and phenotype |
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Term
|
Definition
decreased egg production
loss of export
acute respiratory disease
severe generalized disease (HPAI) |
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Term
| Avian Influenza Transmission |
|
Definition
from waterfowl
orofecal
mechanical from humans |
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Term
|
Definition
Mild Form - low path AI
H-protein only able to be cleaved by proteases in RT and GI
limited local productive infectino
Virulent form -High Path AI
1 gene mutation in H-protein allows cleavage by many cellular proteases |
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