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Organ Terminology
Terms Used Relating to the Pipe Organ
13
Music
Not Applicable
08/01/2012

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Term
Rank
Definition
A series of similar pipes, one for each note on the keyboard. Usually 61 for the manuals and 32 for the pedals
Term
Stop(s)
Definition
A rank of pipes brought into play by manipulating a control on the organ called a drawknob or tablet
Term
Swell
Definition
Top keyboard of a three manual organ. Color division of the organ with strings and solo/ensemble reeds.
Term
Great
Definition
The middle keyboard of a three manual organ. Considered the main division of the organ.
Term
Choir
Definition
The bottom keyboard of a three manual organ. A smaller version of the Great division
Term
Coupler
Definition
A device that allows you to couple/connect other divisions of the organ to each other for more variety of sound
Term
Principal
Definition
Open cylindrical pipes that produce a tone peculiar to the organ alone. The "church" sound
Term
String
Definition
Open cylindrical pipes of metal smaller than a principal to produce a softer type sound.
Term
Celeste
Definition
A quiet string stop tuned sharp to produce a slight undulation in tone when combined with anoother string stop of similar tone.
Term
Flutes
Definition
May be made of wood or metal. There are a large variety of flute stops available. More detailed classification of flutes pipes include: Tapered, Conical, Harmonic, and Stopped
Term
Reeds
Definition
Can be a solo sound like the oboe or clarinet, or a solo stop such as a Tuba of Bombarde. Sound is produced by a vibrating metal reed and pitch is determined by the lenght of the pipe.
Term
Mutations
Definition
Pipes that produce non-octave pitches used to create distinctive colors of sound.
Term
Mixtures
Definition
A coumpound stop consisting of two to six ranks of pipes that reinforce the octave and 5th overtones. The roman numeral on the stop knob tells you how many ranks the mixture is playing.
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