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Oncology
Pharmocolgy
8
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
09/13/2011

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Term
Antimetabolites
Definition
Closely resemble normal metabolites and fool cancer cells into using them. They can't function as proper metabolites therefore, impair cell division.
Term
Antitumor antibiotics
Definition
Damage the Cell's DNA and interrupt DNA or RNA synthesis. Exactly how the interruptions occur varies with each agent.
Term
Antimitotic agents
Definition
Interfere with the formationof microtubules so cells cannot complete mitosis during cell division. As a result the cancer can only divide once.
Term
Alkylating agents
Definition
Cross-link DNA, making the two DNA strands bind tightly together. This prevents proper DNA & RNA synthesis, inhibiting cell division.
Term
Topoisomerase inhibitors
Definition
Disrupt an enzyme needed for DNA synthesis and cell division. These drugs prevent proper DNA maintence, causing DNA breakage and cell death.
Term
Mustargen
(mechlorethamine)
Definition
Func class-Alkylating agent
Action- Responsible for cross-linking DNA strands leading to cell death.
Uses- Hodgkin's disease, leukemias, lymphomas, lymphosarcoma, ovarian, breast lung carcinoma; neoplastic effusion.
Side effects- N&V,HA, leukopenia, alopecia.
Metabolized in liver excreted in urine.
Assess- CBC, renal function,hepatic studies,buccal cavity for dryness and sores.
Term
Cytoxan
(Cyclophoshamide)
Definition
Func. class-Alkylating agent
Action- Alkylates DNA responsible for cross-linking DNA strands; activity is not cell cycle phase specific.
Uses- Hodgkin's disease; lymphomas; leukemia;cancer of female reproductive tract; breast; lung; prostate; multiple myeloma; neuroblastoma; retinoblastoma; ewing's sarcoma; disseminated neuroblastoma.
Side efffects- HA, N&V, Hemorragic cystitis, hepatotoxicity
Assess- renal studies, hemorrhagic cystitis, I&O, CBC, Monitor temp., Hepatic studies
Term
BiCNU
(carmustine)
Definition
Func. class- Alkylating agent
Action- Alkylates DNAUses- Brain tumors such as glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, brain stem glioma, astrocytoma, ependymoma, metastatic brain tumors; multiple myeloma, non-hodgkin's, hodgkin's disease, other lymphomas
Side effects- N&V, hepatotoxicty, renal failure.
Assess- CBC, hepatic studies, Renal studies, chest x-ray
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