Term
|
Definition
hyperexcitability of alpha motor neurons
increase in tonic stretch reflex
increase in flexor muscle spasm
muscle weakness
input from higher centers in CNS |
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Term
| When are antispasmodic drugs used? |
|
Definition
| when NSAIDs are ineffective |
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Term
| What are the functions of the GABA receptors on the Ia afferent fibers? |
|
Definition
GABA A: Cl- efflux disrupts Na & Ca channel activation and inhibits NT release
GABA B: decreases CA influx and inhibits presynaptic release of NT |
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Term
| What are the functions of the GABA and A2 receptors on the Ia afferent fibers? |
|
Definition
GABA A: Cl- efflux disrupts Na & Ca channel activation and inhibits NT release
GABA B: decreases CA influx and inhibits presynaptic release of NT
A2: decreased glutamate release |
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Term
| What are the functions of the GABA and alpha-2 receptors at the alpha motor neuron? |
|
Definition
GABA A: Cl influx hyperpolarizes and stabilizes the membrane
GABA B: K+ conductance is increased, so the membrane is hyperpolarized
A2: inhibition |
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Term
|
Definition
antispastic
GABA B agonist
po/intrathecal
used for MS, clonus, muscle rigidity, SC disease, may decrease muscle strength |
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|
Term
| What are the AE of baclofen? |
|
Definition
drowsiness
hypotension
GI problems (nausea)
teratogenic?
withdrawal from po: hallucinations, seizures |
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Term
|
Definition
antispastic
peripherally acting, decreases Ca release from SR via ryanodine receptors
used for malignant HT, neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
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Term
| Which drugs are purely antispastic? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the AEs of dantrolene? |
|
Definition
| hepatitis, general muscle weakness, sedation |
|
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Term
| Which drugs are antispastic and antispasmodic? |
|
Definition
| benzodiazepenes (diazepam) and tizanadine |
|
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Term
| benzodiazepenes (diazepam) |
|
Definition
allosteric modulation of GABA-A in CNS & SC
if patient has a central lesion you need a larger dose but that will cause sedation |
|
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Term
| What are the adverse effects of benzodiazepenes? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
short acting A2 agonist
PO
Used for MS & SCIs |
|
|
Term
| What are the AE of Tizanadine? |
|
Definition
| dry mouth, sedation, dizziness, hypotension, increased liver enzyomes (aminotransferase) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
unclear MOA (may decrease excitatory drive to MNs)
used for acute muscle spasms & local pain associted with them |
|
|
Term
| What are the AEs of cyclobenzaprine? |
|
Definition
anticholinergic effects
prolongs QT interval (avoid in patients w/heart problems) |
|
|
Term
| What drug is used to treat malignant HT? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drugs have antispasmodic activity? antispastic? |
|
Definition
antispasmodic: cyclobenzaprine, tizanadine, benzodiazepene
antispastic: baclofen, dantrolene, benzos, tizanadine |
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|
Term
| which drug can cause a prolonged QT interval? |
|
Definition
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