Term
| what is an Ameloblastoma? |
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Definition
-benign, slow growing epilthelial tumor
-comes fromr esidual epiltheliu from tooth develpment
-unencapsulated and invasive, can result in death |
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Term
| Where are ameloblastomas commonly seen? What do they cause? What are they associated with? How do they appear radiographically? |
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Definition
-80% arise in mandible and most of those in posterior region
-Causes expansion of bone, slowly and asymptomatic -can lead to facial deformity
-Frequently associated with an impacted tooth and in association with a dentigerous cyst
-Radiographically can appear as a unilocular or multilocular (soap-bubble) radiolucency |
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Term
| How are ameloblasteomas treated? What do they penetrat? Are lesions hard to define? Are they easy to treat? |
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Definition
-Treatment –surgical removal (wide excision with resection)
-Ameloblastoma has a tendency to penetrate adjacent trabecular spaces –but don’t show evidence radiographically
-Lesion’s boundaries hard to determine
-Lesion resistant to radiation and chemotherapy
-Recurrence common (50%) |
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Term
| Where else can ameloblastomas occur? What are they called then? What is the treatment? Do these recur? |
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Definition
-Can occur in the gingiva only
-Called peripheral ameloblastoma
-Treatment –surgical removal
-Do NOT tend to recur |
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Term
| What is a Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor also known as? What do they originate from? What are they clinically similar to? |
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Definition
-Also known as the “Pindborg tumor”
-Originates from remanents of the REE or dental lamina
-Deposits of an amyloid type substance seen with calcifications in these deposits
-Clinically is similar to the ameloblastoma |
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Term
| How do Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor appear radiographically? Treatment? Recurrence? |
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Definition
-Radiographically appears as a unilocular or multilocular radiolucency with scattered radiopacities of abnormal enamel “driven snow”
-Treatment –since can be locally invasive and is unencapsulated, wide surgical excision
-Recurrence rate lower than for ameloblastoma |
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Term
| What is a Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor Odontogenic Adenomatoid Tumor (OAT)? Why is it called that? What forms in the center of these structures? |
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Definition
-Encapsulated, benign epithelial tumor
-Called “adenomatid” because ameloblast-like cells form structures that look like ducts
-Calcifications also form in eosinophilic material that forms in the center of these structures |
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Term
| What are OAT's like clinically? What are they associated with? What may you see with these? Who are they seen in? Where? |
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Definition
-Clinically, most are asymptomatic
-Often associated with impacted teeth
-May see localized swelling
-70% seen in adolescent girls
-70% involve the |
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Term
| What do OAT's look like radiographycally? What may form within the tumor? What is the treatment for these? |
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Definition
-Radiographically appear as a well-circumscribed radiolucency often involving the crown and can involve the root (up to 50%)
-Calcifications may form within the tumor
-Treatment –surgical removal, easily separates, recurrence rare |
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Term
| What are Calcifying Odontogenic CystGorlin Cyst lined with? What do they resemble? What kind of cells are seen? Who are these seen in? |
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Definition
-Cystic lesion lined by odontogenic epithelium
-Epithelium resembles ameloblasts & stellate reticulum
-Ghost cells seen (round structures with clear centers) and calcifications can occur
-Clinically seen in young individuals as a localized swelling often in the anterior region |
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Term
| How do gorlin cysts appear radiographically? Is the solid varient safer? What is the treatment? |
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Definition
-Radiographically appears as a well-defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucency with scattered radiopacities “salt and pepper”
-Solid variant is more aggressive and considered a neoplasm
-Treatment –surgical removal, solid lesions more extensively |
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Term
| What are some examples of Mesenchymal Odontogenic Tumors? (3) |
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Definition
-Odontogenic Myxoma
-Central Cementifying and Ossifying Fibromas
-Cementoblastoma |
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Term
| What is a Odontogenic Myxoma? What is it composed of? How does it appear clinically? |
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Definition
-Benign, nonencapsulated infiltrating lesion
-Composed of a mucoid ground substance with cells that have long cytoplasmic processes called myxoblasts that resembles tissue seen in the dental papilla
-Clinically most are slowly enlarging swellings, painless, in either maxilla or mandible |
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Term
| Who are Odontogenic Myxomas seen in? How do they appear radiograohically? How are they treated? |
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Definition
-Seen in young people (under 30)
-Radiographically appear as a multilocular radiolucency “soap bubble” or “honeycomb” -margins not well demarcated
-Treatment –complete surgical removal, block resection, recurrence rate 25% |
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Term
| What are Cementifying and Ossifying Fibromas? What are they composed of? How do they appear clinically? |
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Definition
-Benign, well-circumscribed tumors
-Composed of fibrous connective tissue and calcifications resembling either cementum or bone
-Clinically seen in young adults as an asymptomatic swelling |
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Term
| How do Cementifying and Ossifying Fibromas appear radiographically? What is their treatment? |
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Definition
-Radiographically appears as a well defined radiolucent to radiopaque lesion
-Treatment –surgical removal, easily separate, recurrence is rare |
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Term
| What are Cementoblastomas? How do they appear clinically? Where do they occur? What age? |
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Definition
-Benign, well-circumscribed neoplasm of cementum
-Clinically seen attached to the apical 1/3 of the root
-Most occur in the premolar/molar area
-Peak incidence is 19 years
-Expand the buccal and lingual cortical plates |
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Term
| Does the tooth remain vital with a cementoblastoma? What is unique about them? How do they appear radiographically? |
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Definition
-Teeth remain vital
-Unique in that PAIN is associated with it
-Radiographically appears as a unilocular well-demarcated, radiopaque or radiolucent or mixed |
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Term
| How does the PDL look with Cementoblastomas? What do the adjacent roots exhibit? WHat is the treatment? |
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Definition
-PDL space looks normal
-Adjacent roots may exhibit resorption
-Treatment –surgical removal along with tooth |
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Term
| What is a Ameloblastic FibromaAmeloblastic Fibro-odontoma? WHat do they mimec? |
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Definition
-Benign, nonencapsulated tumor characterized by neoplastic proliferation of both epithelium and mesenchyme
-Epithelial component can mimic ameloblastoma but less aggressive |
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Term
| Who are Ameloblastic Fibroma Ameloblastic Fibro-odontomas commonly found in? Where? |
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Definition
-Most found in the young, asymptomatic
-Posterior mandible most common |
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Term
| How do Ameloblastic FibromaAmeloblastic Fibro-odontomas appear radiographically? Treatment? Recurence rate? |
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Definition
-Radiographically radiolucency, Fibro-odontoma has calcifications within also
-Treatment –surgical removal, -recurrence rate 18% |
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Term
| What is an Odontoma? What are the 2 types? |
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Definition
-Benign tumor of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp
-Two types: Compound odontoma and Complex odontoma |
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Term
| What does a compound Odontoma consist of? complex? |
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Definition
-Compound consists of a collection of small teeth
-Complex consists of a mass of tissue |
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Term
| How do odontomas appear radiographically? Treatment? |
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Definition
-Appear radiographically as a cluster of small teeth or a radiopaque mass surrounded by a halo
-Treatment –surgical removal, do not tend to recur |
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