Term
| where do ativirals come from? |
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Definition
| enter the body by any route, such as swallowing, inj., insecct bite or inhaled |
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Term
| drugs that combat viral infections by preventing the virus from reproducing in the cells |
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Definition
|
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Term
| these drugs do not treat the actual virus & are hard to develop due to the rapidly changing structures |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| CMV, HSV 1 & 2, HIV, Flu A&B,Hep B&C,RSV |
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Term
| HIV is what kind of virus? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| when this virus attacks it doesnt use the DNA they focus on the RNA that can be turned into DNA which helps the virus to reproduce faster |
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Definition
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Term
| what drug regiment is used when it is needed to treat the virus at each stage of the life cycle? |
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Definition
| HAART- Highly Active AntiRetroviral Therapy |
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Term
| antiretrovirals treat what? |
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Definition
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Term
| when taking antiretrovirals their is a high risk of what? |
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Definition
| contracting opportunistic infections even though being treated |
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Term
med given to treat/prevent resp. illness caused for Influenza A & to manage EPS in symptoms in Parkinson's
-monitor for s/s of anticholinergic drugs |
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Definition
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Term
med given by inhalation using a particular generator.
-can cause changes in resp. function so monitor this closely and report any worsening.
-female of child bearing age shouldnt inhale drug-causes birth defects |
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Definition
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Term
meds that are the only ones that comes enteric coated or in a powder
-Mix powder with 4oz of H2O/no juice |
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Definition
|
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Term
| inhibitors that cause redistribution of body fat |
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Definition
|
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Term
| med that can cause kidney/bladder stones |
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Definition
|
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Term
| drugs that can cause acute pancreatitis |
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Definition
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Term
| if a does is missed what should you do? |
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Definition
| take it ASAP but dont double up |
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Term
dont cure viral infections/shortens the time you have it & promotes lesion healing
-doesnt prevent a person from spreading the disease
-teach how to apply topical drugs & no sex while lesions are present |
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Definition
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Term
| antiretrovirals taken with Viagra can cause? |
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Definition
| hypotension, visual disturbances, prolonged penile erections |
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Term
| what is the antiviral that is a MDI? |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| able to retart the multiplication of fungi |
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Definition
|
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Term
| fungicidal and fungistatic are used for? |
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Definition
prophylactically to prevent infec. in immunocompromised pts.
-superficial & deep fungal infections
-systemic infections
-superficial inf. of nail beds; oral,anal & vaginal areas |
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Term
| antifungals are used cautiously in what pts? |
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Definition
| renal dysfunction or hepatic impairment |
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Term
| Griseofulvin is contraindicated in pts with? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Sporanox should not be used to treat nail inf. in pts with |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| when pt is receiving an oral or parenteral antifungal, how ofter should you observe for adverse reactions? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
used with serious/life threatening fungal infections
-I&O should be monitored carefully |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| most serious adverse reaction of Amphotericin B? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how soon can adverse reactions occur with IV infusion of Amp.B? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you treat oral thrush? |
|
Definition
instruct pt to swish & hold solution in mouth for several seconds, gargle, then swallow,
-may also be treated with medicated with lozenges |
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Term
| organism that lives in or on another organism without contributing to the survival or well being of the host |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| drugs used to treat helminthiasis? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| most common parasitic worm in the US? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| drug used to treal larval forms of pork tapeworm & to treat liver, lung and peritoneum disease caused by the dog tapeworm? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| drug used to treat whipworm,pinworm,roundworm,American hookworm, & the common hookworm |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| drug used to treat roundworm & pinworm |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| drug used to treat threadworm |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the serious adverse reaction to Pyrantel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how are protozoans transmitted? |
|
Definition
| contaminated food & water, fecal matter or sexual intercourse |
|
|
Term
| transmited from person to person by certain species of mosquitoes |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| used to tret infections such as malaria, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis, intestinal amebiasi, STDs(tichomoniasis) Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)----(Flagyl) |
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Definition
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Term
| diagnosis of parasitic infections are most often made by? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| for prophylactic prevention, therapy should begin 2 wks before exposure & continue for 6-8 wks after person leaves area where malaria is prevalent? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| used to treat diseases or conditions that cause water retentionn/edema |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ex of drug that is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| drug that causes loss of potassium |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ex of loop diuretic drugs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ex of Osmotic diuretic drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
ex of potassium-sparing drugs
** these drugs prevents excretion of K+ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diuril,HCTZ,zaroxolyn,Enduron |
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|
Term
| all diuretics can cause _____ when given with HTN meds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diuretics are used to treat? |
|
Definition
| edema,HTN,renal disease,cerebral edema,glaucoma, & seizures |
|
|
Term
| why are diuretics used in heart failure? |
|
Definition
| remove excess sodium & H2O due to pulmonary congestion & edema |
|
|
Term
| what is the adverse reaction with Aldactone? |
|
Definition
| gynecomastia (usually reversible when meds stopped) |
|
|
Term
| drug not given if has active intracranial bleeding? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when giving Mannitol IV for ICP how often should you ck VS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when giving Thiazides what need to be checked? |
|
Definition
| kidney function test & joint fuction |
|
|
Term
| loop diuretics can lead to a loss of? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| when on HTN meds and diuretic med you need to avoid? |
|
Definition
| ETOH and OTC meds unless MD is aware |
|
|
Term
caused by pathogen in urinary tract
-bladder most common structure affected |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| involuntary contractions of bladder muscle, c/o urgency, freq. during day & night & urge incontinence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| has a high concentration in the urine and is bacteriostatic or bactericidal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ex of anti infective drugs? |
|
Definition
| amoxil,trimox,monurol,hiprex,macrobid,bactrim,septra |
|
|
Term
cholinergic blocking drugs stop bladder contractions and decreases the urge to urinate
-they relax the detrusor & other muscles |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ex of antispasmodic drugs? |
|
Definition
| urispas, ditropan, detrp, pyridium, enablex |
|
|
Term
| increase fluids to how much per day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fosfomycin/monurol dissolves in how much water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
fluid in the middle ear accompanied by symptoms of intense local or systemic infection
-most common disorder of the middle ear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drugs to remove Cerumen are not used if? |
|
Definition
ear drainage,discharge, pus, or irritation is present,eardrum perforated or after ear surgery
-do not use if suspected allergy to drug |
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Term
| condition of the eye in which there is an increase in the IOP causing progressive atrophy of the optic nerve w/ deterioration of vision & blindness if untreated |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| acute/sudden) iris blocks trabecular meshwork & limits flow of aqueous humorous from the anterior chamber of the eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the angle that permits the drainage of aqueous humor, appears to be normal but does function properly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reduces production & increase the outflow of aqueous humor |
|
Definition
| a2-adrenergic drugs(agonist) |
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|
Term
| decreases the IOP by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| produces miosis; used primarily after eye exams to reverse dilation of pupil |
|
Definition
| a-Adrenergic blocking drugs |
|
|
Term
decreases the rate of production of aqueous humor & thereby lowers the IOP;
-used to treat glaucoma |
|
Definition
| B-Adrenergic blocking drugs |
|
|
Term
| used to contract the pupil of the eye thus increasing the space through which the aqueous humor flows & decreased IOP |
|
Definition
| miotics, direct acting & Cholinesterase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
used to trat elevated IOP in open angle glaucoma
-administered systemically |
|
Definition
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
used to lower IOP in pts with open angle glaucoma & ocular hypertension
-increases the outflow of aqueous humor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used to prevent itching of he eyes caused by allergic conjunctivitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
used to treat post-op pain & inflammation after cataract surgery
-relief of itching of the eyes caused by seasonal allergies
-during eye surgery to prevent miosis |
|
Definition
| nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs |
|
|
Term
used for inflammatory conditions such as allergic conjunctivitis,keratitis,herpes zoster keratits, & inflammation of the iris
-may also be used after injury to the cornea or after corneal transplant to prevent rejection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antibacterial activity against gram-pos & gram neg. microorganisms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
used in the tx of herpes simplex inf of the eye
-tx of immunocompromised pts with CMV retinitis
-prevention of the CMV retinitis in pts undergoing transplantation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used for a vaiety of yeast & fungal inf. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
used before eye surgery in the tx of glaucoma
-for relief of minor eye irritations & to dilate the pupil for exam of eye |
|
Definition
| vasoconstrictors/mydriatics |
|
|
Term
| used to treat inflammatory conditions of the iris & uveal tract of the eye & for exam of the eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artificial tears solution |
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