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OCC - BIO 221 - Introduction
Chapter 1 - Anatomy Physiology
15
Biology
Undergraduate 1
06/09/2006

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
"to cut apart", study of structure of body
Term
Physiology
Definition
study of nature/function of body
Term
Levels of Organization
Definition
Chemical (atoms, molecules)
Cell (organelles, cell)
Tissue (group of cells)
Organ (2 or more tissue types, recognizable shape, specific functions)
System (group of organs with common functions, 11 organ systems)
Organismal (highest level, all part of organism)
Term
Characteristics of Life
Definition
maintain boundaries
movement
responsiveness
digestion
metabolism
excretion
growth
reproduction
Term
Factors Required for Life
Definition
Water
Food
Oxygen
Heat
Pressure
Term
Homeostatsis
Definition
maintain a relatively stable internal environment, regardless of external conditions.
- dynamic equilibrium
Term
Homeostatsis Requirements
Definition
receptor - to detect changes
control center - to determine set point (normal) and appropriate response to deviations
effector - to respond to change
Term
Homeostatsis Regulations
Definition
-Negative Feedback System (reverses change, results in flunctutations about set point)
- Positive Feedback System (change is increased, rare, may be harmful)
Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
erect, palms forward
Term
Frontal (Coronal)
Definition
vertical, divides into anterior and posterior or ventral and dorsal
Term
Transverse (cross sectional view)
Definition
horizontal, divides into superior and inferior
Term
Sagittal (Para and Mid)
Definition
vertical, divides into right and left, medial/lateral
Term
Oblique
Definition
diagonal cut
Term
Dorsal Body Cavity
Definition
Includes
- Cranial cavity for brain
- Vertebral/Spinal for spinal cord
Term
Ventral Body Cavity
Definition
Includes
- Thoracic (pleural for lungs, mediastinal for everything between lungs, pericardial for heart)
- Diaphragm divided - Abdominopelvic (abdominal - peritoneal, pelvic)
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