Term
relationship of cephalocaudal axis of fetus to cephalocaudal axis of mother
position of fetus coming first through pelvic inlet; “presenting part”
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Definition
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Term
| Hormones responsible for contraction |
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Definition
[image]Progesterone—withdrawal hypothesis
[image]Estrogen—can then stimulate contractions
[image]Oxytocin—potent uterine stimulant; increased sensitivity during pregnancy; produced in hypothalamus; secreted in bloodstream; also produced in uterine tissues at increasing concentrations.
[image]Prostaglandins—relationship unknown
[image]Fetal cortisol—sharp increases at term
[image]Uterine distention
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Term
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Definition
| Effacement is the process by which the cervix prepares for delivery. After the baby has engaged in the pelvis, it gradually drops closer to the cervix; the cervix gradually softens, shortens and becomes thinner. You might hear phrases like “ripens,” or “cervical thinning” which refer to effacement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Effacement is the process by which the cervix prepares for delivery. After the baby has engaged in the pelvis, it gradually drops closer to the cervix; the cervix gradually softens, shortens and becomes thinner. You might hear phrases like “ripens,” or “cervical thinning” which refer to effacement |
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Term
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Definition
[image]Onset to 3 cm; avg. time 8 hrs
[image]Ctx. mild, 5-20 min apart; 30-40 sec. |
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Term
Active phase of labour
(dilated and contractions) |
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Definition
[image]3 cm to 7 or 8 cm
[image]Ctx 3-5 min apart, 45-60 sec, moderate intensity |
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Term
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Definition
[image]Worst but shortest
[image]8 cm - 10 cm (complete dilation)
[image]Ctx 1 1/2 - 3 min apart; 60-90 sec; strong |
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Term
| Second stage (pushing and delivering) |
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Definition
–Complete dilation to birth of infant
–Ctx 2-3 min; 60 sec; intense
–Push with ctx; urge to push
–Perineum bulges, flattens (crowning) |
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Term
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Definition
–Placental separation
–Usually painless
–Delivery of placenta |
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Term
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Definition
uterine activity; responds to pressure on fundus (externa) |
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Term
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Definition
fetal heart rate (FHR); continuous sound waves bounce off fetal heart and translated by monitor (internal) |
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Term
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Definition
Broad
Extends outward to enfold and stabilize the fallopian tubes
Cardinal
Chief uterine supports suspending the uterus from the side walls of the true pelvis
Round
Arise from side of uterus near fallopian tubes, pass through inguinal ring
Round ligament pain, pushes down on uterus.
Uterosacral
Provides support for the uterus at the level of the ischial spine; contain sensory nerve fibers
Ovarian
Anchors the lower pole of the ovary to the cornua of the uterus; helps the fimbriae “catch” the ovum
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Term
normal irregularities of cardiac rhythm
change in heart rate from one beat to the next; can only be assessed with inernal electrode
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Definition
Long term variability (LTV) –
Short term variability - |
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Term
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Definition
loss of STV with late decels
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Term
excessive variability
- sine wave no short term variability
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Definition
Saltatory pattern -
Sinusoidal pattern |
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Term
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Definition
transient in FHR due to fetal movement
**15 bpm above baseline for 15 sec**
Usually with contractions
*Sign of fetal well being and adequate O2 reserve
Test: scalp stimulation & acoustic stimulation
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Term
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Definition
- periodic ¯ in FHR from normal baseline
Early: uniform; mirrors ctx; fetal head compression; vagal response
Late: begins at peak of ctx; ends after ctx ends; uteroplacental insufficiency; consistent or occasional; ominous
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Term
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Definition
vary in onset, occurrence, waveform, intensity & duration
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Term
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Definition
FHR ¯³ 2 minutes; if rebound tachycardia, ominous sign
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