Term
| 5 Mechanisms Affecting Labor |
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Definition
-Passageway- mother and birth canal
-Passenger- fetus
- Powers- cause of labor
-Position- mother and baby
-Process- physical/ psychological |
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Term
Symphisis Pubis and Coccyx should be greater than
__ cm
Ischial Spine should be greater than _ cm |
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Definition
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Term
Passageway
Cervix must ____1____
Lower Uterine Segment must ___2___
Pelvic floor muscles get ___3____ with more ___4___ |
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Definition
1. Dialate
2. Stretch
3. Weaker
4. Children |
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Term
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Definition
Relationship of the long axis of the baby to the long axis of mother
*Can be vertical or horizontal
*If baby is transverse, cannot be born vaginally |
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Term
| The part of the fetus that is closest to the pelvic inlet |
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Definition
Presenting part
95% will be head first |
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Term
Relationship of baby's presenting part to mother's pelvis
*Define ROA and Occiput |
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Definition
Position
ROA- Right occiput Anterior, baby is looking at floor to the left
Occiput- Back of babies head |
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Term
| Relationship of fetal parts to each other |
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Definition
Fetal Attitude= Fetal Position
"Universal Flexion"- hands and knees to chest |
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Term
Define Station and Engagment
And know how to rate each |
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Definition
Station- relation od presenting part to ischial spine
Engagement- baby is at Station 0
Scale goes from -3 (High in mother) to +3 (Closer to vagina) |
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Term
Define Primary Powers of Labor
Two Types
Define Secondary |
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Definition
Primary- involuntary powers
1. Effacement- cervix thinning out
2. Dilation- cervix opening (Complete at 10cm)
Secondary - Voluntary
PUSH |
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Term
| Contractions start in the ______ ______? |
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Definition
Fallopian Tubes
And then descend down to LUS |
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Term
Process of Labor are known as "______ _______"
All 7 Steps Must happen for _______ _______
Name all 7 Steps in order |
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Definition
"Cardinal Movements"
Vaginal Delivery
Engagment and Decent
Flexion
Internal Rotation
Extentsion
Restitution
External Rotation
Expulsion |
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Term
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Definition
-Pressure
-Uterine contractions
-Maternal bearing down
*Measured by ischial spine |
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Term
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Definition
Baby flexes neck, chin to chest
Allows smallest area of head to go through canal first |
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Term
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Definition
Baby turns head right or left
*Usually OT to OA |
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Term
|
Definition
Head extends upward after symphysis pubis
*Normally the head is born through process of extension |
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Term
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Definition
Baby realigns head with the body
*Also called resitution or shoulder rotation
*Allows shoulders to be born
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Term
|
Definition
BIRTH
Baby is completely delivered |
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Term
| Describe 4 stages of Labor |
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Definition
1. Onset of labor to complete dilation of cervix (0-10cm)
2. Complete dialation to delivery
3. Expulsion to delivery of placenta
4. 2-4 hour recovery period |
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Term
| Break Down the 1st Stage of Labor in 3 phases |
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Definition
Latent Phase: 0-3cm
Active Phase: 4-7cm
Transition Phase: 7-10cm MEAN!!! |
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Term
| What is the difference between True and False labor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe a Term or Normal Labor |
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Definition
- 38 weeks
- Less than 24hour delivery
-No complications
-ONE baby
-Head presenting
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Term
| What type of fluid do you give a woman in labor and how much? |
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Definition
D5W/ Lactated Ringer
LOTS!!!!! |
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Term
How should Amniotic Fluis present?
(Look, smell, etc) |
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Definition
| Straw colored, distinct (but not bad) odor, "normal" quanity, and pH above 7 |
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Term
| Describe 4 different colors of Amniotic Fluid |
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Definition
Straw-colored- normal
Yellow- meconium more than 6-12 hrs before,
"old stress"
Green- meconium- NOT normal, "new stress"
Red- some kind of bleed |
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Term
Define:
Polyhydramnios
Oligiohydramnios
Causes? |
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Definition
Too much amniotic fluid, > 1-2 liters
-Uterine distenstion, preterm labor
Not enough fluid, <500ml
-Trauma, musculoskeletal problems, compression of umbillical cord |
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Term
| Name two tests to detect Amniotic Fluid |
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Definition
Nitrazine- testing pH, if over 7= yes
Fern- looks like a fern in a microscope |
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Term
| *FACT* When membrane breaks- look at Fetal Monitor for status of baby and the look for cord and check fluid! |
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Definition
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Term
Define Episiotomy
Third Degree?
Fourth Degree?
Midline?
Mediolateral? |
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Definition
-Surgical insicion or tear of perineum
-To rectal tissue
-Through rectal sphincter
-Vagina to rectum, for quick delivery
-Vagina into leg area, more painful and difficult to heal |
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Term
| Given to induce labor or to get placenta; stimulates uterus; works by changing muscle/calcium concentrations |
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Definition
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Term
Know these Abbreviations:
AROM
SROM
SVD |
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Definition
Artificial Rupture of Membrane
Spontaneous Rupture of Membrane
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery |
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Term
| When and why use Vacuum Extraction |
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Definition
-Mom is too tired to push baby out
-Too much medication
*Baby might have bruising, no life problem |
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Term
| When and Why use Forcepts? |
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Definition
-Mom is full dialation
-Head is engaged
-Just to lift head over perineum
*NOT with CPD
(Cephalo-pelvic disporportion- head/ body is too big to fit through mother's pelvis) |
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Term
| After delivery- how often do you take vital signs |
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Definition
q 15mins for 1 hour for vaginal
q10 for c-section |
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Term
Expect baby to ____ and ____ in first ____ hours!
Make sure to ______. |
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Definition
Void and stool
24 hours
DOCUMENT! |
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Term
Apgar Scoring
When?
Abnormal? |
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Definition
Rating Babies: Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration
Done at 1 min and 5 min
If <7, do it again in 5 minutes |
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Term
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Definition
IV/IM meds, for 1st stage and before transition
Give IM for early labor and need it to last longer
Mom- Hypotension, Resp. depression, N.V
Baby- Resp Depr. - Narcan ready |
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Term
| Describe Local and Pudenal Analgesia |
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Definition
*No effect on baby or mom
*Second stage, 10cm- delivery
Local- inject drug into perineum
Pudenal- into pudenal space of pudenal nerve |
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Term
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Definition
*Only for C-section*
Immediate paralysis
Need to roll towel under her hips
*Hypotension for mom and baby |
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Term
What is a Spinal Headache?
How do we fix it? |
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Definition
TERRIBLE headache
-Leak of CSF after spinal analgesia
-Meds do NOT help
-Give fluids, lay her down, and caffeine
-Blood patch- blood from patient re-entered into dura
-Causes dura to seal shut |
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