Term
| Artificial rupture of membranes (AROM) |
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Definition
| procedure where amniotic membranes are ruptured by a certified nurse midwife or physician using an instrument called an amniohook. AKA amniotomy |
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Definition
| softening and effacement of the cervix. Mucous plug expels, resulting in a small amount of blood loss from exposed cervical capillaries. results in pink tinged secretions |
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Definition
| birth where buttocks and/or feet are presenting part rather than the head. occurs in 3-4% of all term pregnancies |
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Definition
| mechanisms of labor, positional changes of the fetus as it moves through birth canal during labor and birth. Positional changes are descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, restitution, and external rotation |
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Definition
| fetal head is encircled by the external opening of the vagina(introitus), and birth is imminent |
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Definition
| measured from the beginning of a contraction to the completion of that same contraction |
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Definition
| thinning and shortening of the cervix that occurs late in pregnancy or during labor. It is the drawing up of the internal os and the cervical canal into the side walls of the uterus. |
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Definition
| largest diameter of the presenting part reaches or passes through the pelvic inlet or superior pelvic straight, begins the descent through the pelvic canal. can be determined by vaginal exams. |
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Definition
| relation of the fetal parts to one another. normal fetal attitude is moderate flexion of head, flexion of arms onto chest, and flexion of legs onto abdomen |
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Definition
| relationship of the cephalocaudal axis (spinal column) of the fetus to the cephalocaudal axis of the woman. May be longitudinal lie or transverse lie |
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Definition
| relationship of a designated landmark on the presenting fetal part to the front, sides, or back of the maternal pelvis |
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Definition
| determined by the fetal lie and by the body part of the fetus that enters the pelvic passage first. Three possible presentations are cephalic, shoulder, and breech |
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Definition
| intersections of the cranial sutures, unossified space, or soft spots, consisting of a strong band of connective tissue lying between the cranial bones of the skull |
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Definition
| time between the beginning of one contraction and the beginning of the next contraction. |
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Definition
| strength of the contraction during acme. It is estimated by palpating the uterine fundus during a contraction, but measured directly w an intrauterine catheter |
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Definition
| effects that occur when the fetus begins to settle into the pelvic inlet. Moving of the fetus and uterus downward into the pelvic cavity |
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Definition
| presentations into the birth canal that are not "normal"... brow, face, shoulder, or breech |
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Definition
| overlapping under pressure of the powers of labor and the demands of the unyielding pelvis. Helps facilitate the movement through birth canal |
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Definition
| fetal part present in or on the cervical os. |
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Term
| spontaneous rupture of membranes |
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Definition
| height of an intense contraction w a gush of fluid out of the vagina. the breaking of the "water" |
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Definition
| relationship of the presenting part to an imaginary line drawn between the ischial spines of the maternal pelvis |
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Definition
| membranous spaces between the cranial bones, allow for molding in fetal head, help to identify position during vaginal exam. fibrous connections of opposed joint surfuraces |
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Definition
| transient increases in the FHR normally caused by fetal movement |
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Definition
| average FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm observed during a 10 minute period of monitoring |
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Definition
| measure of the interplay(push-pull effect) between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems over a 10 minute period. reflects baseline fluctuations that are irregular in frequency and amplitude |
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Definition
| periodic decreases in FHR from the normal baseline |
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Definition
| occurs before the onset of the uterine contractions. Has uniform shape, considered benign, doesn't require intervention |
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Term
| electronic fetal monitoring |
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Definition
| produces a continuous tracing of the FHR which allows visual assessment of characteristics to be observed and evaluated |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure to collect a small amt of blood from the umbilical cord or fetus during pregnancy to diagnose, treat, and monitor various fetal problems |
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Term
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Definition
| rate < than 110 bpm during a 10 minute period or longer |
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Term
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Definition
| sustained rate of 161 bpm or above. |
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Term
| intrauterine pressure catheter |
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Definition
| catheter that can be placed through the cervix into the uterus to measure uterine pressure during labor. Can be inserted for the purpose of infusing warmed saline to add additional intrauterine fluid when oligohydramnios is present |
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Term
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Definition
| uteroplacental insufficiency resulting from decreased blood flow and oxygen transfer to the fetus through the intervillous spaces during uterine contractions. symmetrical decrease in fetal heart rate beginning at or after the peak of contraction and returning to baseline after contraction ended. |
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Definition
| series of four maneuvers designed to provide a systematic way to evaluate the maternal abdomen to determine fetal presentation and position |
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Definition
| occurs if umbilical cord becomes compressed reducing the blood flow between the placenta and fetus. deceleration vary in onset, occurrence, and waveform |
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Definition
| Caused by intermittent uterine contractions. Cramplike pains due to contractions of the uterus that occur after birth. Tend to happen during nursing and last 2-3 days. more common in multipara than primipara. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alternative term for maternal role attainment (MRA). Transition process of becoming a mother that changes through out the maternal-child relationship. |
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Term
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Definition
| describes the uterine fundus when it is not firmly contracted after the birth of baby and in the early postpartum period; excessive bleeding occurs from the placental site, and maternal hemorrhage may occur |
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Term
| diastasis recti abdominis |
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Definition
| separation of abdominal muscles, especially in woman who lack muscle tone. It is the seperation of abdominal mm along the median line. Seen more w repeated childbirths or multiple gestation. In newborns, caused by incomplete development |
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Definition
| assumed position where one person looks at another and maintains his or her face in the same vertical plane as the other. when mother sits face to face and eye to eye with infant |
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Definition
| characteristic sense of absorption, preoccupation, and interest the infant demonstrated by father during early contact |
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Definition
| top portion of uterus, between the fallopian tubes. Situated midline midway between symphysis pubis and umbiliicus |
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Definition
| describes the rapid reduction in size and return of uterus to non pregnant state; rolling or turning inward |
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Definition
| debris remaining after birth that expels through a discharge; blood, mucus, and tissue that lasts up to a couple weeks |
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Definition
| final discharge, composed primarily of Leukocytes, decidual cells, epithelial cells, fat, cervical mucus, cholesterol crystals, and bacteria. This discharge follows locia serosa and lasts from about 10th- 21st day after birth |
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Term
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Definition
| dark red and occurs during first 2-3 days containing epithelial cells, erythrocytes, leukocytes, shreds of decidua, and occasionally fetal meconium, lanugo, and vernix. should last 2-4 days |
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Definition
| pinkish color following days 3-10. composed of serous exudate, shreds of degenerating decidua, erythrocytes, leukocytes, cervical mucus, and numerous microorganisms. Last until 7-10 days after birth |
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Definition
| postpartal period where a woman adjusts physically and psychologically from pregnancy and birth. Period of completion of the 3rd stage of labor until involution of the uterus is complete, usually 6 weeks |
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Definition
| interactional cycle that occurs simultaneously between mother and infant. Involves mutual cuing behaviors, expectancy, rhythmicity, and synchrony |
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Definition
| failure of a part to return to normal size after functional enlargement, such aas failure of uterus to return to normal size after pregnancy. Any slowing of descent |
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Term
| Early (primary) postpartal hemorrhage |
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Definition
| occurs in first 24 hours after childbirth. Loss of blood > 500 mL following birth |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the endometrium portion of the endometrium portion of the uterine lining. May occur postpartally in 1-3% of vaginal births and 5-15% of cesarran births |
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Term
| Late (secondary) postpartal hemorrhage |
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Definition
| occurs from 24 hours to 6 weeks after birth. Loss of blood > 500mL following birth |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the breast connective tissue that occurs primarily in lactating woman |
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Term
| Pelvic cellulitis (parametritis) |
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Definition
| infection involving the connective tissue of the broad ligament, in severe forms, the connective tissue of pelvic structures. Inflammation of the parametrial layer of the uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| infection involving the peritoneal cavity |
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Term
| Postpartum blues (adjustment reaction with depressed mood) |
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Definition
| maternal blues or "baby blues". typically occurs w/in a few days after birth lasting from a few hours to 10 days. Characterized by mild depression, tearfulness, anxiety, headache, and irritability |
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Term
| Postpartum major mood disorder (postpartum depression, PPD) |
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Definition
| depression that can occur at any time during first postpartum year, greater risk after 4 weeks just before first menses or weaning |
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Term
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Definition
| psychosis that mother experiences after birth of a child. becomes evident w/in first 1-3 mos postpartum. considered an emergency because of risk r/t suicide or infanticide |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the reproductive tract associated w childbirth that occurs up to 6 wks postpartum |
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Term
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Definition
| maternal temp of 100.4 (38 celcius) or higher on any of 2 of first 10 postpartal days, excluding first 24 hours. take temp by mouth 4x daily |
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Term
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Definition
| thrombus is formed in response to inflammation in a vv wall |
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Term
| uterine atony (relaxation of the uterus) |
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Definition
| common cause of early postpartal hemorrhage. relaxation of uterine mm tone following birth |
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