Term
| Fuel sources during early fasting |
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Definition
-glucose for CNS & RBC/WBC
-fatty acids and ketones for heart, kidney & muscle |
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Term
| Fuel sources after 5-6 weeks of semi-starvation |
|
Definition
-decreased use of glucose
-increase in ketone as fuel for CNS
-glucose fuel for RBC/WBC
-fatty acids fuel for heart, kidney, muscle |
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Term
|
Definition
| -chronic mild protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| acute protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| severe wasting, loss of fat and muscle tissue |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| loss of fat and muscle, but edema present, skin and hair color changes, fatty liver and impaired renal function |
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Term
|
Definition
| -no double bonds, associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease |
|
|
Term
| Monounsaturated Fatty Acids |
|
Definition
| -single double bonds, not associated with cardiovascular disease risk |
|
|
Term
| Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acids |
|
Definition
| -multiple double bonds associated with lower LDL levels |
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|
Term
| Essential Fatty Acids and signs of EFA deficiency |
|
Definition
-Linoleic acid:: an omega-6 fatty acid
-Linolenic acid:: an omega-3 fatty acid
-EFA deficiency::infertility, scaly dermititis |
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|
Term
| Structure, function, and health consequences of trans fatty acids |
|
Definition
-manufacturing change in double bond from cis configuration to trans
-increases viscosity of vegetable oils and stability of baked goods
-Found to increases LDL and lower HDL |
|
|
Term
| Mechanisms by which dietary fiber may impact plasma cholesterol levels |
|
Definition
a. sequester bile in get, decreasing reabsorption
b. slow carbohydrate absorption and subsequent rise in plasma insulin levels, thereby slowing cholesterol synthesis
c. stimulate short-chain fatty acid synthesis thereby inhibiting cholesterol synthesis |
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