The purpose of diet therapy is:

a. to modify texture and energy values

b.to restore and maintain good nutritional status

c. to interpret the diet in terms of the disease

d. to involve the patient in his/her care

b. to restore and maintain good nutritional status

The basis of therapeutic nutrition is:

a. assisting a patient to identify his or her malnutrition

b. removing excess modifications

c. modifying the nutrients in a normal balanced diet

d. modifying the patient's behavior to gain appropriate

Which of the following conditions is not a result of poor nutrition in the recovery to health?:

a. delayed convalescense

b. overeating

c. delayed wound healing

d. anemia

The stress of illness may negatively affect:

a. personality

b. nutritional balance

c. developmental tasks

d. all of the above

When planning modified diets, the major factors to be observed include altering the diet to the specific pathophysiology and:

a. considering the patient's attitude toward hospitalization

b. considering emotional interferences with diet

c. individualizing the diet to the patient's total acculturation

d. focusing on patient's development of a trust relationship

Nutritional requirements during disease, injury, and hospitalization include:

a. increased calories and protein

b. increased vitamins and minerals

c. decreased fluids and exercise

d. a and b

What factor will determine a patient's nutritional requirements?:

a. nature and severity of the disease or injury

b. functioning capacity of the hypothalamus

c. previous nutritional state and duration of the disease

d. a and c

Routine hospital diets include all these except:

a. clear-and full-liquid

b. low-residue

c. mechanical- and medical-soft

d. regular

Blocks to nutritional adequacy that the nurse may encounter when counseling a patient on a modified diet include:

a. cultural differences

b. ignorance

c. environmental stressors

d. all of the above

A low-cholesterol diet would restrict all of the following foods except:

a. shellfish, cream cheese

b. liver

c. eggs, yolks

d. lobster

Which of these seasonings may be used on a 1 gram sodium-restricted diet?

a. lemon juice, herbs, spices

b. soy sauce, m.s.g. (Accent)

c. butter or margarine

d. garlic or celery salt

Which of these labeling terms approved by the FDA is correct?:

a. Low calorie: contains 25% less calories than regular product

b. Low in saturated fat: contains less than 5 g saturated fat per serving

c. Cholesterol free: contains less than 20 mg cholesterol per serving

d. Sodium free: contains less than 5 mg per serving

e. All of these terms are correct

The amount of fiber per day recommended in the TLC diet is:

a. 10-15 g

b. 15-20 g

c. 20-30 g

d. 30-40 g

Which of the following meals would be most appropriate for a person on a fat-controlled diet?:

a. macaroni and cheese, avocado/grapefruit salad, Jell-O, tea

b. roast beef, baked potato with sour cream, coconut cookie skim milk

c. broiled chicken breast with wild rice, tossed salad with French dressing, baked apple with walnuts and raisins, tea

d. tuna salad on lettuce, crackers, sliced cheese, lemon pudding, skim milk

Poor eating habits that can increase risk of heart disease include all except:

a. consumption of large amounts of alcohol

b. consumption of large amounts of beef, pork, butter, ice cream

c. excess total daily calories

d. daily consumption of peanut butter, chicken, fish

Which of the these would be the diet therapy of choice for a patient following a myocardial infarction?

a. clear-liquid first 24 hours

b. regular low-residue first 24 hours

c. limited in sodium, caffeine-restricted, soft

d. caffeine and sodium restricted, clear-liquid

Following a cerebrovascular accident, the diet therapy:

a. will be an I.V. line for the first 24 hours

b. may be a tube feeding or oral liquids

c. may be semi-solid

d. may be any of these, or any combination

The most suitable of the following food groups for a patient on TLC diet is:

a. Lean pork, roast beef, lamb, and coconut

b. Turkey, pasta, spinach, and graham crackers

c. Duck, cheddar cheese, shrimp, and avocado

d. Spareribs, bologna, ice milk, and olives

Total fat allowed in a LDL-lowering diet is:

a. 10%-15% of total calories

b. 20%-25% of total calories

c. 25%-35% of total calories

d. 30%-40% of total calories

Mr. G., a 40-year-old man, is a newly diagnosed diabetic.  He weighs 160 lb, and is 5'10" tall.  The diet prescribed contains 250 g carbohydrate, 100 g protein, and 70 g fat.

Mr. G.'s daily caloric intake is:

a. 1230 calories

b. 1530 calories

c. 1830 calories

d. 2030 calories

A daily caloric intake of 2030 calories should:

a. prevent hypoglycemia

b. decrease body weight

c. maintain body weight

d. promote normal potassium balance

Emphasis is placed on using polyunsaturated fats and limiting foods high in cholesterol in the diet of the diabetic.  This will:

a. aid in preventing cardiovascular diseases.

b. aid in the digestive process.

c. prevent skin breakdown.

d. control blood sugar.

In counseling Mr. G. regarding diet management, the nurse should:

a. explain the importance of weight control.

b. interpret food exchanges to him.

c. discuss food preparation methods.

d. all of the above.

Mr. G. should know that factors which can trigger hyperglycemia in a diabetic include:

a. decreased exercise.

b. increased food intake.

c. decreased insulin.

d. all of the above.

The daily intake of foods for the diabetic is spaced at regular intervals throughout the day. This should:

a. prevent hunger pangs.

b. avoid symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

c. modify eating habits.

d. prevent obesity.

Although diabetics are taught to limit foods containing sugar, exception can be made to that rule when:

a. vigorous exercise is undertaken.

b. there is a fever.

c. gangrene has developed.

d. there are no exceptions.

The caloric value of a diabetic diet should be:

a. increased above normal requirements to meet the increased metabolic demand.

b. decreased below normal requirements to prevent glucose formation.

c. the same as normal energy requirements to maintain ideal weight.

d. contributed mainly by fat to spare carbohydrate.

The diabetic diet is designed for long-term use and contains a balance of:

a. energy.

b. nutrients.

c. distribution.

d. all of the above.

Sources of blood glucose include:

a. carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

b. amino acids, cellulose, and polysaccharides.

c. water and vitamin and mineral compounds.

d. by-products of metabolism.

The most common detection and diagnostic tools for cancer are:

a. CT (or CAT) scans, MRI

b. ultrasonography

c. endoscopy

d. biopsy

e. any combination of the above

Nutritional and metabolic changes characteristic of both cancer and AIDS individuals are directly related to:

a. the body's response to the disease

b. treatment methods

c. surgical procedures

d. psychological and emotional responses

e. any combination of the above

Factors that influence food intake include:

a. Income

b. Psychosocial factors

c. Dependency issues

d. Psychological factors

e. Ethnic and cultural considerations

f. All of the above

A severely malnourished patient may require a daily intake of:

a. 1500 to 2500 kcalories

b. 2000 to 3000 kcalories

c. 2500 to 3500 kcalories

d. 3000 to 4000 kcalories

1. anorexia

2. weakness

3. early satiety

4. weight loss

5. decreased mobility

6. nausea

1. fatigue

2. anemia

3. cachexia

Current cancer therapy takes four major forms:

1. surgery

2. radiation

3. chemo

4. combo of any of the above

1. bone marrow

2. hair follicles

3. GI tract

1. thorough personal nutrition assessment

2. vigorous nutrition therapy to maintain good nutritional status and support

3. revision of care plan as individual status changes

1. sore mouth

2. dygeusia

3. low salivary production

4. candidiasis

1. toxic at high levels

2. nausea

3. hair loss

4. depleted immune function

The clear-liquid diet:

a. replaces lost body fluids

b. provides a nutritionally adequate diet

c. includes any food that pours

d. is never used after surgery

Which of the following groups of food would be allowed on a clear-liquid diet?:

a. strained cream of chicken soup, coffee, and tea

b. tomato juice, sherbet, and strained cooked cereal

c. raspberry ice, beef bouillon, and apple juice

d. tea, coffee, and eggnogg

The dysphagia diet:

a. is of semisolid consistency

b. is followed by clear-liquid diet

c. does not include milk in any form

d. is given to patients with acute respiratory infections

The dysphagia diet:

a. may contain mild spices

b. includes no protein foods

c. includes no commercial supplements

d. is commonly given immediately after surgery

The protein content of the dysphagia diet:

a. can be increased by adding lactose to beverages

b. can be increased by adding dried milk to mashed potatoes

c. cannot be varied

d. is always adequate

The clear-liquid diet:

a. is given to all patients with chewing difficulties

b. may be used after surgery

c. includes milk foods

d. is nutritionally adequate

The mechanically altered diet:

a. is a standard diet in health facilities

b. is always served to children under 12 years old

c. is similar to a high-residue diet

d. does not nourish as well as a regular diet

A major difference between the regular and the fiber-restricted diet is the:

a. nutrient content

b. texture of the foods

c. energy values

d. satiety value of the food

It is not unusual for the fiber-restricted diet to be:

a. ordered to precede the clear-liquid diet

b. ordered for a patient with dysphagia

c. ordered to succeed the clear-liquid diet

d. used in place of the clear-liquid diet

Which of the following foods would not be included in a fiber-restricted diet?:

a. ground beef

b. leg of lamb

c. roast chicken

d. grilled pork chops

Cellulose is:

a. a complete protein

b. an indigestable carbohydrate

c. a saturated fat

d. an essential mineral

Texture of food refers to its:

a. color

b. flavor

c. consistency

d. satiety value

Which of the following groups of food would be allowed on the dysphagia diet?:

a. coffee, bananas, and sponge cake

b. salt, sherbet, and scrambled eggs

c. butter, angel food cake, and fried chicken

d. ginger ale, chocolate ice cream, and cocoa with marshmallows

e. none of the above

Which of the following foods is not a member of any of the meat exchange groups?

a. ^1/₂ cup pinto beans

b. soy milk, 1 c

c. peanut butter, 1 tbsp

d. 1 hot dog

b. soy milk, 1 c

d. 1 hot dog

Which of the following statements correctly describes the action of insulin?

a. Insulin controls the entry of glucose into the cell

b. Insulin regulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen

c. Insulin decreases the conversion of glucose to fat for storage as adipose fat tissue

d. Insulin allows fat to be converted to glucose as needed to return the blood glucose levels to normal

The caloric value of a diabetic diet should be:

a. Increased above normal requirements to meet the increased metabolic demand

b. Decreased below normal requirements to prevent glucose formation

c. The individual's normal energy requirement to maintain ideal weight

d. Contributed mainly by fat to spare carbohydrate

In the exchange system of diet control, an ounce of canned tuna may be exchanged for all except:

a. the same amount of lean meat

b. 1/4 c 4% cottage cheese

c. 1/2 c tofu, light

d. one egg

The exchange system of diet control is based on the principles of:

a. equivalent food choices

b. flexible food choices

c. nutritional balance

d. all of the above

How much orange juice would substitute for the CHO in an uneaten slice of bread?

a. 1/2 c

b. 3/4 c

c. 1 cup

d. 1-1/2 c

The diabetic diet is designed for long-term use and contains a balance of:

a. energy

b. nutrients

c. distribution

d. all of the above

Sources of blood glucose include:

a. carbohydrates

b. proteins

c. fats

d. all of the above

If 50% of the total calories in a 1500 calorie diabetic diet is from carbohydrates, how many grams of carbohydrate will the diet contain?

a. 50

b. 150

c. 190

d. 210

Emphasis is placed on using polyunsaturated fats and limiting food high in cholesterol in the diet of the diabetic.  The reason for this is:

a. to aid in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases

b. to aid in the digestive process

c. to prevent skin breakdown

d. to control blood sugar

The daily intake of foods for the diabetic is spaced at regular intervals throughout the day.  The reason for this is:

a. to prevent hunger pangs

b. to avoid symptoms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia

c. to modify eating habits

d. to prevent obesity

Sally, an 8-year-old diabetic, is ready to go home from the hospital.  Sally's mother should know that:

a. all of her food must be measured

b. she needs a snack before she exercises

c. she should always carry hard candy with her

d. all of the above

T or F.  Marasmus is a condition characterized by loss of body tissue and strength due to lack of sufficient caloric intake over a prolonged period

Screening for cancer includes:

a. physical examination

b. laboratory tests and procedures

c. use of imagining modalities to look at internal organs

d. all of the above

Common tests for cancer include:

a. blood and urine tests

b. pap smears

c. mammograms

d. fecal occult blood

e. all of the above

The nutritional status of the cancer patient predicts:

a. tolerance and response to therapy

b. susceptibility to infection

c. quality of life of individuals

d. all of the above

An adult in good nutritional status requires about:

a. 1000 kcalories per day for maintenance

b. 1500 kcalories per day for maintenance

c. 2000 kcalories per day for maintenance

d. 2500 kcalories per day for maintenance

An adult in good nutritional status requires about:

a. 40-60 grams of protein for maintenance and anabolism

b. 60-80 grams of protein for maintenance and anabolism

c. 80-100 grams of protein for maintenance and anabolism

d. 100-120 grams of protein for maintenance and anabolism

Megavitamin and mineral therapies are among the most often used unproven nutritional therapies.  Which of these represents a megadose of vitamin therapy?

a. 2 times RDA/DRI

b. 5 times RDA/DRI

c. 10 times RDA/DRI

d. 20 times RDA/DRI

e. none of the above

What are some symptoms of POCS?

a. obesity and weight gain

b. oily/acne like skin

c. infertility

d. all of the above

Doctors usually prescribe to maintain/control POCS this EXCEPT?

a. birth control

b. surgery

c. healthy eating

d. junk food

Coping therapies for POCS syndrome include:

a. yoga

b. advanced circulation exercise

c. counseling

d. all of the above

Why do nurses need to know about POCS?

a. nurses need to know how to best council them on what is best for them to do

b. they don't need to know

c. that they can help diagnose it

d. a and c

What doctors seem to think that the best treatment method to regulate hormones?

a. medications

b. surgery

c. birth control

d. nothing

Which is widely used for weight reduction surgeries?

a. laparoscopy

b.uterscopy

c. colonscopy

Obesity is measured as having a BMI greater than:

a. 15

b. 20

c. 25

d. 30

What type of diet should a patient of a gastric surgery follow post-surgery?:

a. high caloric diet

b. clear liquid diet

c. Adkins diet

d. all liquid diet

Italian diet reduces the risk of ______ and cancer.

a. colitis

b. heart disease

c. anemia

d. hypertension

Which of these foods is not considered kosher:

a. deer

b. tuna

c. salmon

d. pork

Muslims cannot consume:

a. blood meat

b. pork

c. alcohol

d. all of the above

A Polish diet tends to be deficient in:

a. fruits

b. vegetables

c. Vitamin B

d. all of the above

The lack of calcium intake in an Asian diet causes concern for:

a. osteoporosis

b. anemia

c. diabetes

d. goiter

Soy can be used to help relieve symptoms of all of the following diseases except?:

a. breast cancer

b. menopause

c. heart disease

d. leukemia

Soy can be found in which of the following foods?:

a. butter

b. meats and shellfish

c. tofu

d. liver

Soy can be especially harmful to which type of group of people?:

a. elderly

b. menopausal women

c. diabetics

d. infants

Soy is:

a. high in protein

b. low in the glycemic index

c. high in antioxidants, omega-3's, and protein

d. all of the above

Some studies have shown that soy improves:

a. muscle function

b. cholesterol

c. inflammation linked to risk of cardiovascular problems

d. all of the above

Which is not a benefit of glucosamine?

a. minimizes pain for those with osteoarthritis

b. strengthens cartilage

c. improves brain function

d. improves synovial fluid

Which supplement is known as a "smart drug"?

a. CO q10

b. fish oil

c. glutamine

d. arginine

Fish oil has been recommended to patients with the following cancers except:

a. breast cancer

b. lung cancer

c. prostate cancer

d. cervical cancer

Arginine deficiency symptoms include all except:

a. hair loss

b. skin rash

c. weight gain

d. poor wound healing

CO q10 can be found in which of the following meats?

a. chicken

b. liver

c. beef

d. pork

What food is not considered to be part of the vegan diet?

a. pizza (without cheese)

b. Honey-nut Cheerios

c. hummus

d. spaghetti

Which one of these would not be included in a lacto-ovo veg. diet?

a. omelete with green peppers and a glass of milk

b. wheat toast, an orange, and milk

c. veggie burger w/bacon

What cannot be included in a lacto vegetarian diet?

a. orange

b. cheese

c. eggs

d. milk

Which is not a type of vegetariansim?

a. Fruitarian

b. Soytarian

c. Lacto-vegeterianism

d. Pescetarianism

What is not a cause of an eating disorder?

a. psychological

b. interpersonal

c. stress

d. biological

What is not a sign of bulimia?

a. dehydration

b. high blood pressure

c. electrolyte abnormalities

d. constipation

Complications with binge eating include all but the following:

a. Losing weight

b. Depression

c. Heart disease

d. Obesity

Which of the drinks has the most calories per serving?

a. 12 oz light beer

b. 1.5 oz vodka

c. 5 oz Long Island Iced Tea

d. 4 oz wine

On average, what is the actual weight gain seen in college freshman?

a. 1-2 lb

b. 6-7 lb

c. 10-12 lb

d. 17-18 lb

Why do men gain more weight than women?

a. men don't exercise as much as women

b. men will eat and drink more in their freshman year

c. women are more stressed than men

d. women are more cautious about their weight

All of these are causes of the "Freshman 15" except:

a. lack of exercise

b. homesickness

c. stress

d. overeating

T or F.  The "Freshman 15" is more of a myth.

What serious illness(es) are the root cause of the anti-inflammatory disease?

a. heart disease

b. cancer

c. alzheimer's disease

d. all of the above

The anti-inflammatory diet not only influences inflammation, but it also provides the body with what?

a. protective phytonutrients

b. minerals

c. essential fatty acids

d. all of the above

Which body system does the anti-inflammatory system help?

a. cardio

b. skeletal

c. nervous

d. muscular

What types of chemicals that are found in plants are believed to reduce inflammation?

a. phytochemicals

b. acrylamide

c. polychlorinated biphenyls

d. aspartame

Which of the following is an important concern for the nurse who is providing nutrition by peripheral vein?

a. calorie overload

b. contamination of the injection site

c. fluid overload

d. all of the above

The solution used for TPN consists of:

a. glucose, amino acids, and micronutrients

b. glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids

c. 10% dextrose, saline and vitamins

d. commercial hydrolyzed mixtures

Which of the following vitamins would need to be given separately instead of added to a formula?

a. thiamin, niacin, and riboflavin

b. the fat soluble vitamins

c. b12, K, and folic acid

d. none of these

Most deaths from coronary heart disease occur in which of these age groups?

a. men age 35-45 years, women age 45-65 years

b. men over age 65 years, women over age 75 years

c. minority groups of all ages

d. a and b

e. a, b, and c