Term
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Definition
| the body's ability to keep a steady internal state in spite of changes in external condidtions |
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Term
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Definition
substances in food that provide raw material and energy for the body
ex. carbs, gats, protein,vitamins, minerals, H2O |
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Term
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Definition
1) energy released from nutrients
2) the amount of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 gram of H2O by 1 degree Celcius
1 Calorie = 1000 calories |
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Term
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Definition
1) contain carbon, oxygen, hydrogen
2) 1 gram of carbs = 4 calories
3) carbs provide raw materials to make cell parts
4) 2 kinds: simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates |
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Term
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Definition
1. sugars found in fruit, milk, veggies
2. 1 type is glucose-major source of energy for cells
3. body usually converts other sugars into glucose
4. provides quick burning energy |
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Term
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Definition
1. made up of many sugar molecules linked together by a chain
2. gives long-term energy
3. ex. starches-potoes, rice, corn, grain, pasta, cereal, bread
4. they get broken down into smaller individual sugar molecules |
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Term
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Definition
1. complex carb found in plants
2. does not get broken down--it passes through the body
3. not a nutrient
4. ex: some fruits, veg, nuts, whole grains, some bread, cereals |
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Term
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Definition
1.High energy nutrients composed of hydrogen,oxygen,carbon
2.contains 2x the energy as carbs
3.helps form structure of cells
4.fat tissue helps protect and support internal organs
5.used as insulation |
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Term
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Definition
Unsaurated:
1. Liquid at room temp
2. ex: olive oil, fish oil
Saturated
1. solid as room temp
2. ex: meat, dairy, egg yolk, palm oil, coconut oil
3.often contians cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
1.Waxy, fat like substance found in animal products
2.your liver produces enough so as not to need any
3.You should have about 30% of calories from fat, otherwise you become deficient in Essential Fatty Acids |
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Term
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Definition
1.hepls regulate blood pressure, clotting, immune response
2.otherwise you get red irritated skin, infections, dehydration
3.helps obsorb vit,A,D,E,K
4.If you have less than 25% of fat at a meal, you feel less satisfied and want to eat more |
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Term
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Definition
1. contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
2. needed for tissue growth and repair and chemical reactions in cells
3. ex: meats, poultry, fish, dairy, nuts, beans |
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Term
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Definition
1. small units that when combined form protein
2. 20 different types
3. your body can make about half, others must come from food--called essential amino acids
4.organic compounds of carbon, hydrogyen, oxygen, nitrogen |
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Term
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Definition
1. from animal sources like meat, eggs
2. have all the essential amino acids
3. plants are inbcomplete-some essential acids are missing, so you need to combine lots of varieties of plants in your diet |
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Term
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Definition
1. act as helper molecules in chemical reactions of body
2. most usually obtained from food
3. see page 73 for examples |
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Term
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Definition
1. nutrients not made by living things
2. found in soil or roots of plants
3. obtained by eating plants or animals who've eaten plants
4. ex: calcium,iron, potassium
5. see page 74 |
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Term
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Definition
1. 65% of body weight is H20
2. most importan- all achemical reactions and breakdown of nutrients take place in H20
3. makes up most of the body's fluid-ex: blood
4. nutrients carried through body via watery part of blood
5. needed for persperation
need about 2 liters/day |
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