Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Nutrition 2
a;lsdkfjas;ldfkj
15
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
02/06/2011

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Aspartame
Definition
“Nutrasweet”, “Equal”
Variety of diet foods & soft drinks
Most widely used artificial sweetener
Approved by FDA in 1981
Two amino acids = Aspartate & Phenylalanine
4 Cal/gm
But much sweeter than sugar
Use very little
Only 4 calories in Equal packets
Virtually no calories when added to food
ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) = 50 mg / kg body weight (bw)
Amount that can be consumed daily without adverse long term effects
For 132 lb person = 80 equal packet or 15 cans diet soda
Problem = so many products have it in them
Should not consume during pregnancy
Phenylketonuria (PKU) - people can’t metabolize phenylalanine
Term
Sucralose
Definition
“Splenda”
No Calories (not broken down or absorbed)
Chlorinated sucrose
Used worldwide since 1991
Approved by FDA in 1999
In an increasing number of products
600-times sweeter than sucrose (use very little)
Safe for diabetics
Advantages = heat-stable (can use in cooking & baking)
Measured in equivalent amounts to sucrose
Over 100 scientific studies over 20 years, shown to be safe
Term
Acesulfame Potassium
Definition
“Sunette”, “Sweet One”
FDA approved in 1988
Nearly as sweet as aspartame
Often used together with aspartame
Chewing gums, beverages, instant tea & coffee, puddings, gelatin
Term
Neotame
Definition
FDA approved in 2002
7,000 - 13,000-times sweeter than sucrose (use very little)
In processed food, not for home use
Also has phenylalanine but is not digestible
Safe for those with PKU
Term
Tagatose
Definition
derived from lactose
80% remains unabsorbed
High doses can cause flatulence, cramping, loose stool
Term
Health Effects of Fiber
Definition
weight control, prevents constipation, diarrhea, hemorrhoids, prevents appendicitis, prevents diverticulosis, decrease colon cancer risk by 40%, prevents heart disease, manage diabetes (slow movement from stomach to intestine- slow increase in blood sugar),
Term
Recommended Fiber Intake
Adequate Intake
Definition
20-35 g/day
14 g/day
Term
%Daily Calories from carbs
Definition
45-65
Term
Diuresis
Definition
water loss - because burning body's glycogen stores results in loss of water. Ketones from fat burning increase urine output
Term
How do Low Carb Diets work?
Definition
If no carbs, body uses fat for energy. Body racts in starvation mode, then converts muscle protein to glucose. Ketosis develops - acidifies blood.
Term
Good Carb
Definition
slowly broken into sugar leading to slower increase in blood sugar

foods containing fiber
Term
Bad carbs
Definition
broken down more quickly - quick spike in blood sugar and insulin levels
Term
net carbs
Definition
good - bad carbs
Term
Ketosis
Definition
increases rate of dehydration, constipation, kidney stones, hyperlipidemia, optic neuropathy, osteoporosis
Term
Why High Protein diets are bad
Definition
increase calcium excretion = decreased bone mass, raies LDL and cholesterol, exclude fruits adn veggies,
Supporting users have an ad free experience!