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Nursing Research
Ch. 3
48
Nursing
Professional
06/06/2011

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Cards

Term
Subjects
Definition
study participants
Term
Respondents
Definition
provide information by answering questions
Term
Informants
Definition
individuals cooperating in a study that play an active rather than a passive role
Term
Naturalistic settings
Definition
studies that take place in the field
Term
Site
Definition
the overall location for the research; it could be an entire community or an institution within a community
Term
Multisite study
Definition
the use of multiple sites to offer a larger or more diverse sample of participants
Term
Concepts
Definition
abstractions that are involved in research
Term
Phenomena
Definition
concepts (abstractions) found within a qualitative study
Term
Construct
Definition
refers to an abstraction or mental representation inferred from situations or behaviors
Term
Theory
Definition
a systematic, abstract explanation of some aspect of reality
Term
Conceptual model
Definition
using deductive reasoning to make predictions about how phenomena would behave in the real world if the theory were true
Term
Variable
Definition
a concept that varies in a research project
Term
Constant
Definition
concepts within a research project that remains the same
Term
Independent variable
Definition
presumed cause
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
presumed effect
Term
Outcome variable
Definition
variation in the dependent variable that depends on variation in the independent variable
Term
Conceptual definition
Definition
presents the abstract or theoretic meaning of the concepts being studied; must be defined by the researchers
Term
Data
Definition
the pieces of information obtained in a study
Term
Operational definition
Definition
specifies the operations that researchers must perform to collect the required information
Term
Data set
Definition
all the pieces of data that researchers gather in a study
Term
Quantitative data
Definition
information in numeric form
Term
Qualitative data
Definition
narrative descriptions
Term
Relationship
Definition
a bond or connection between two or more phenomena
Term
Cause-and-effect (causal) relationship
Definition
the relationship that demonstrates how variables can be related to one another in different ways
Term
Cause-probing studies
Definition
quantitative studies that seek to illuminate the causes of phenomena
Term
Functional (associative) relationship
Definition
a relationship that exists between two variables that are not related by a specific cause
Term
Experimental research
Definition
researchers actively introduce an intervention or treatment
Term
Nonexperimental research
Definition
researchers are bystanders; they collect data without introducing treatments or making changes
Term
Controlled (clinical) trial
Definition
an experimental study
Term
Observational study
Definition
a nonexperimental inquiry
Term
Grounded theory
Definition
seeks to describe and understand the key social, psychological, and structural processes that occur in a social setting
Term
Phenomenology
Definition
rooted in the philosophic tradition developed by Husserl and Heidegger; concerned with the lived experiences of humans
Term
Ethnography
Definition
the primary research tradition within anthropology; provides a framework for studying in patterns, lifeways, and experiences of a defined cultural group in a holistic fashion
Term
Research questions
Definition
interesting, significant research problem(s) identified by quantitative researchers
Term
Hypotheses
Definition
state researchers' expectations about relationships among study variables
Term
Research design
Definition
the overall plan for obtaining answers to the questions being studied and for handling various challenges to the worth of the study evidence
Term
Intervention protocol
Definition
needes to be developed, specifying exactly what the intervention will entail within the study
Term
Population
Definition
all the individuals or objects with common, defining characteristics
Term
Sample
Definition
a subset of the population; group from which researchers typically collect data
Term
Sampling plan
Definition
specifies in advance how the sample will be selected and how many subjects there will be
Term
Data collection plan
Definition
the task of measuring research variables
Term
Proposal
Definition
researchers seeking financial support typically submit these to a funding source
Term
Coding
Definition
the process of translating verbal data into numeric form
Term
Statistical analyses
Definition
the ways in which quantitative information is analyzed
Term
Interpretation
Definition
the process of making sense of study results and of examining their implications
Term
Emergent design
Definition
a design that emerges during the course of data collection
Term
Themes
Definition
categories which are used to build a rich description or theory of the phenomenon
Term
Saturation
Definition
occurs when themes and categories in the data become repetitive and redundant, such that no new information can be gleaned by further data collection
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