Home > Flashcards > Physiology > NPB114, misc terms #1

Details Title: NPB114, misc terms #1 Description: misc terms #1 Total Flash Cards: 32 Created: 07/11/2007 20:17:41	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term 5HT Definition serotonin Term AC Definition Adenyl Cyclase; membrane bound enzyme that catalyzes conversion of ATP to cAMP, activated by alpha component of G-protein Term ACh Definition acetylcholine Term calmodulin Definition an intermediate compound in the mechanism of calcium activating myosin light chain Term cGMP Definition cyclic guanosine monophosphate Term Cnidaria Definition a phylum of simple animals, mostly aquatic with ~11000 species, including jellyfish Term Coelenteron Definition the body cavity of an anenome, jellyfish, etc. where digestion and nutrient absorption takes place Term DAG Definition diacylglycerol; a lipid-soluble messenger molecule (which stays in the cell membrane) that activates PKC (need a cytosolic increase in cytosolic Ca2+ for this to occur) Term FFA Definition free fatty acid Term GC Definition guanyl cyclase; catalyzes conversion of GTP to cGMP Term GI tract Definition gastrointestinal tract (a.k.a. “gut”: a tube that converts foodstuff into units that are absorbable into cells Term heterotrophic Definition organisms that get their carbon from ingesting other living organisms (rather than from CO2) Term IP3 Definition inositol trisphosphate; water soluble signal molecule which moves through the cytoplasm to open a Ca2+ channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum Term lysophospholipid Definition product of phospholipid digestion Term subjugation Definition capture of prey Term MHC Definition myosin heavy chain Term MLC Definition myosin light chain; Term PIP2 Definition phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate; cleaves into IP3 (a secondary messenger) and DAG (reaction catalyzed by PLC) Term PKC Definition protein kinase C; phosphorylates other substrates Term PKG Definition cGMP-dependent protein kinase or Protein Kinase G Term PLC Definition phospholipase-C; membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the cleaving of PIP2 into IP3 and DAG Term syncytium Definition a region of cytoplasm that contains many nuclei Term VIP Definition vasoactive intestinal peptide; binds to G-protein-coupled receptor, induces smooth muscle relaxation in the GI tract Term buccal cavity Definition The favored physiology term for the mouth Term serosa Definition outside layer of GI tract, made of connective tissue; has lots of innervation Term muscularis externa Definition muscular layer of GI tract just inside the serosa: comprised of longitudinal muscle (outer) and circular muscle (inner) Term longitudinal muscle Definition outer part of the muscularis externa layer of the GI tract; contraction causes shortening of tube Term circular muscle Definition inner part of the muscularis externa layer of the GI tract; contraction causes reduction of tube diameter Term submucosa Definition GI tract layer; has lost of connective tissue and is quite squishable; has large vessels and some neurons Term neuronal plexi Definition GI tract layer: a gathering of cell bodies, comprised of “myenteric plexus” and “submucosal plexus” Term mucosa Definition GI tract layer that does most of the absorption and secretion Sub-layers: 1) mucous membrane (epithelial cells) 2) lamina propria: lots of connective tissue; has capillaries, nerves, lymphatic vessels; is distensible 3) muscularis mucosa: affects folding of mucosa Term SR Definition sarcoplasmic reticulum; the endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells; it stores Ca2+ which is released to trigger muscle contraction