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NeuroTerms
Neuro Anatomy Terms
54
Biology
Undergraduate 3
03/05/2012

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Term
Wernicke's Aphasia
Definition
Left temporal lobe, loss of language comprehension
Term
Broca's Aphasia
Definition
Left frontal Lobe, loss of ability to speak
Term
Finger Agnosia
Definition
Inability to distinguish fingers
Term
Apraxia
Definition
difficulty with higher order motor planning
Term
Hemineglect
Definition
neglect one side of body of contralateral side of lesion
Term
Anosognosia
Definition
Does not recognize that there are defecits
Term
Extinction
Definition
patients can see object when presented to both sides individually, but ignore identical stimulus when presented to both sides
Term
Perseverance
Definition
repeat a single action over and over (frontal damage)
Term
Prosopagnosia
Definition
inability to recognize faces
Term
achromatopsia
Definition
inability to recognize colors
Term
palinopsia
Definition
persistence or reappearance of previously viewed objects
Term
paraphasic errors
Definition
inappropriately substituted words or syllables
Term
neologisms
Definition
noexistant inveneted words
Term
Anterograde amnesia
Definition
inability to consolidate new memories
Term
Retrograde amnesia
Definition
inability to recall past memories before lesion onset
Term
agraphia
Definition
inability to write
Term
apraxia
Definition
inability to follow motor command, higher order motor function
Term
ideomotor apraxia
Definition
awkward movements that resemble those requested only minorly
Term
motor impersistance
Definition
inability to sustain a given motor task for duration
Term
abulia
Definition
changes in personality and judgment
Term
diplopia
Definition
double vision
Term
facial diplegia
Definition
bilateral facial weakness
Term
dysarthria
Definition
slurred speach
Term
dysarthria
Definition
slurred speach
Term
Aphasia
Definition
abnormal language production or understanding
Term
fasciculations
Definition
spontaneous movements (UMN injury)
Term
ataxia
Definition
abnormal movements seen in coordination disorders
Term
gait apraxia
Definition
ability to "Walk" in seated position but cannot walk when standing (Frontal lobe or normal pressure hydrocephalus)
Term
graphesthesia
Definition
ability to recognize drawn symbols on skin
Term
stereognosis
Definition
ability to recognize objects by touch
Term
catatonia
Definition
psychiatric illness presenting with unresponsiveness
Term
akinetic mutism
Definition
extreme abulia resembling coma (frontal lobe or connection damage)
Term
decorticate
Definition
brainstem lesion above red nuclei, flexor position
Term
decerebrate
Definition
lesion below red nucleus resulting in extensor position
Term
effacement
Definition
flattened sulci next to lesion
Term
hemiplegia
Definition
paralysis of one side of the body
Term
paresis
Definition
weakness
Term
-plegia
Definition
no movement
Term
hemi
Definition
one half
Term
para
Definition
both arms / both legs
Term
mono
Definition
one limb
Term
di-
Definition
both sides affected
Term
quadra or tetra
Definition
all 4 limbs
Term
dysesthesia
Definition
unpleasant or abnormal sensation
Term
allodynia
Definition
painful sensation with a non painful stimuli
Term
hyperalgesia/hyperpathia
Definition
excessive sensitivity to pain
Term
hypesthesia
Definition
decreased sensation
Term
neuropraxia
Definition
temporary nerve imparement that resolves in hours to weeks
Term
ocular myasthenia
Definition
weakness of eye muscles
Term
claudation
Definition
limping
Term
ambulation
Definition
walking
Term
avulsion
Definition
tearing away
Term
cheiralgia paresthetica
Definition
handcuff neuropathy, sensory loss over dorsal aspect of hand
Term
meralgia paresthetia
Definition
lateral femoral cutatneous nerve entrapment
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