Term
Neuron:
Dendrite:
Axon:
Terminal Branches (or buttons):
Action Potential: |
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Definition
Neuron: Cell of the nervous system that receives & transmits electrochemical
information
Dendrite: BRANCHING neuron structures that RECEIVE NEURAL IMPULSES FROM OTHER
NEURONS
Axon: TUBELIKE structure that conveys ELECTRICAL IMPULSE from CELL BODY to
TERMINAL BUTTONS
Terminal Branches (or buttons): small structures at the end of the AXONS that
release NEUROTRANSMITTERS
Action Potential: a nerve impulse that travels down the axon. |
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Term
FLOW CHART (of sorts).... . .(D-CB-A)
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Definition
2) DENDRITE receives a neural impulse and that impulse than flows along the cell body
or SOMA. If the cell body is sufficiently stimulated, it will pass the impulse along to
the AXON and AWAY from the cell body! Near each axon's end, vesicles called the
TERMINAL BUTTONS release NEUROTRANSMITTERS and these chemicals move the
message from the end of the SENDING neuron to the DENDRITES or CELL BODY and
the next receiving neuron. |
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Term
Neurotransmitter:
Synapse:
Receptor site:
Reuptake: |
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Definition
Neurotransmitter: Chemicals released by neurons that enable impulses to travel across
the synaptic gap.
Synapse: Junction between the axon tip of the SENDING NEURON and the DENDRITES or
CELL BODY of the RECEIVING Neuron.
Receptor site: The site where the neurotransmitters 'fit like a key and a lock' into on the
RECEIVING Neuron.
Reuptake: The process by which 'extra' neurotransmitters are reabsorbed back into the
originating cell. |
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Term
***FYI: COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE NEURON IS
ELECTRICAL...COMMUNICATION BETWEEN NEURONS IS CHEMICAL!*** |
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Definition
***FYI: COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE NEURON IS
ELECTRICAL...COMMUNICATION BETWEEN NEURONS IS CHEMICAL!*** |
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Term
1) ACTION POTENTIAL is INITIALIZED
2) SENDING of a CHEMICAL SIGNAL
3) RECEIVING of a CHEMICAL SIGNAL
4) RE-UPTAKE: reabsorption of excess neurotransmitters. |
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Definition
1) ACTION POTENTIAL is INITIALIZED
2) SENDING of a CHEMICAL SIGNAL
3) RECEIVING of a CHEMICAL SIGNAL
4) RE-UPTAKE: reabsorption of excess neurotransmitters. |
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Term
Most poisons and drugs act at the synapse by: REPLACING, DECREASING, or ENHANCING
the amount of neurotransmitter. |
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Definition
Most poisons and drugs act at the synapse by: REPLACING, DECREASING, or ENHANCING
the amount of neurotransmitter. |
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Term
HORMONES: ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
Neurotransmitters regulate glands and muscles, sleep, alertness, learning, memory,
motivation, emotion, psychological disorders...etc.
What is the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?
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Definition
What is the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?
A network of glands that release hormones: circulated into the bloodstream to produce
bodily changes or maintain normal bodily functions. |
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Term
1) Help to maintain normal bodily functions
2) Regulate long term bodily process
3) Regulate emergency responses to crises. |
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Definition
1) Help to maintain normal bodily functions
2) Regulate long term bodily process
3) Regulate emergency responses to crises. |
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Term
| CNS versus PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: |
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Definition
CNS versus PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM:
BRAIN & SPINAL CORD PNS= All nerves and neurons connecting the CNS to the rest
of the body:
Carries information to and from the CNS: Splits into SOMATIC and AUTONOMIC Nervous
System (ANS) ANS splits into SYMPATHETIC and PARASYMPATHETIC
The PNS links the CNS to the body's sense receptors.
SYMPATHETIC handles stress/arousal: think ;fight or flight' responses; PARASYMPATHETIC
calms the body and conserves energy. |
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Term
BRAINS:
Hindbrain:
PONS-
CEREBELLUM-
MEDULLA- |
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Definition
Hindbrain: Lower level structures:
PONS-Respirations,movement,waking,sleep & dreaming
CEREBELLUM-Fine muscle movement,balance, some perception/cognition
MEDULLA- Breathing, heartbeat,other vital life functions |
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Term
MidBrain:
RETCULAR FORMATION: |
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Definition
MidBrain:Helps coordinate movement patterns,sleep & arousal.
RETCULAR FORMATION: Set of neurons that screens incoming information and screens
arousal. |
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Term
Forebrain:
THALAMUS:
HYPOTHALAMUS:
LIMBIC SYSTEM:
HIPPOCAMPUS: |
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Definition
Forebrain:Higher level structure and functions:
THALAMUS: Forebrain structure at the top of the brain stem that relays sensory messages
to the cerebral cortex
HYPOTHALAMUS: Beneath the THALAMUS-helps govern hunger, thirst,sex and agression
AND hormones.
LIMBIC SYSTEM:Interconnected group of forebrain structures involved with
emotions,drives and memory.
HIPPOCAMPUS: part of imbic system-involved in forming and retrieving memories. |
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Term
CEREBRAL CORTEX and the 8 Lobes:
Cerebral Cortex:
this surface layer that regulate the most complex behaviors, including sensations,motor
control and higher mental processes.
TEMPORAL Lobes:
HEARING and language comprehension,memory and some emotional control.
Occipital Lobes: vision and visual perception:
WERNICKE'S Area is here: controls LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION. (LEFT HEMISPHERE
ONLY!)
PARIETAL Lobes: receives information about pressure,pain, touch and temperature and
receives sensory messages.
FRONTAL Lobes: Motor control,speech recognition, BROCA'S area: controls SPEECH
Production. |
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Definition
CEREBRAL CORTEX and the 8 Lobes:
Cerebral Cortex:
this surface layer that regulate the most complex behaviors, including sensations,motor
control and higher mental processes.
TEMPORAL Lobes:
HEARING and language comprehension,memory and some emotional control.
Occipital Lobes: vision and visual perception:
WERNICKE'S Area is here: controls LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION. (LEFT HEMISPHERE
ONLY!)
PARIETAL Lobes: receives information about pressure,pain, touch and temperature and
receives sensory messages.
FRONTAL Lobes: Motor control,speech recognition, BROCA'S area: controls SPEECH
Production. |
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