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neuroanatomy
the basics
33
Biology
Undergraduate 1
05/08/2006

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Term
CNS
Definition
generates and produces
Term
PNS
Definition
distributes through the body
Term
PARTS OF THE CNS
DERIVED FROM...
AVERAGE ADULT HAS..
Definition
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
EMBRYONIC NEURAL TUBE
100 BILLION NEURONS,TRILLIONS OF GLIA
Term
CNS GLIA (SUPPORTING CELLS) AND FUNCTIONS
Definition
astrocytes nouriseh, clean, and support

microglia protect

oligodendrocytes make myelin
Term
TWO PARTS OF THE PNS
Definition
SOMATIC (fibers send SENSORY info to CNS and MOTOR nerve fibers that project to skeletal muscles)

and

AUTONOMIC (automatic,don't think about)
Term
TWO PARTS OF THE PNS
Definition
SOMATIC (fibers send SENSORY info to CNS and MOTOR nerve fibers that project to skeletal muscles)

and

AUTONOMIC (automatic,don't think about)
Term
PURPOSE OF AUTONOMIC PNS
Definition
CONTROLS ORGANS AND INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES
Term
TWO PARTS OF AUTONOMIC PNS
Definition
SYMPATHETIC (fight or flight)
PARASYMPATHETIC (REST AND DIGEST)
Term
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
SKULL, CERVICAL VERTENRA, THORACIC VERTEBRAE, LUMBAR VERTABRAE, SACRUM

originated in the spinal cord.
1st neuron (presynaptic) is located in the thoracic and lumbar region. the 1st synapse is in sympathetic chain ganglia. the 2nd neuron (postsynaptic) travels to targe. the 1st NT is the ach, the 2nd is the nore.

STUDY THIS MORE
Term
FACTS ABOUT PARASYMPATHETIC
Definition
- SAVE ENERGY, DIGEST GOODS
CELL NODIES ORIGIANTE IN SPINAL CORD (SACRAL) AND MEDULLA (BRAINSTEM)
- KNOW CRANIAL NERVES IN THE MEDULA
-KNOW THERE ARE NO CHAIN GANGLION, the presynaptic fibers travel all the way o target and then synapse
Term
divisions of PNS neurons
Definition
SENSORY OR MOTOR
CRANIAL OR SPINAL
SOMATIC OR VISCERAL
Term
SENSORY

VS.

MOTOR NEURONS
Definition
(afferent) CARRY INFO INTO CNS FORM SENSE ORGANS

VS.

(efferent)CARRY INFO AWAY FROM CNS FOR MUSCLE CONTROL
Term
CRANIAL

VS

SPINAL
Definition
CONNECTS BRAIN WITH PERIPHERY

VS

CONNECTS SPINAL CORD WITH THE PERIPHERY
Term
SOMATIC

VS

VISCERAL
Definition
CONNECTS SKIN OR MUSCLE WITH CNS

VS

CONNECTS INTERNAL ORGANS WITH CNS
Term
CNS

VS

PNS
Definition
in CNS, collections of neurons are NUCLEI, collections of axons are TRACTS, in CNS, structures are covered by meninges and CSF.

vs.

in PNS, collections of axons are NERVES, collections of neurons are GANGLIA
Term
PARTS OF THE FOREBRAIN
PARTS OF THE MIDBRAIN
PARTS OF THE HINDBRAIN
Definition
TELENCEPHALON, DIENCEPHALON,
MESENCEPHALON
METENCEPHALON, MYELENCEPHALON

(MORE)
Term
CRANIAL NERVES...
Definition
12 PAIRS OF NERVES THAT CAN BE SEEN N BOTTOM OF BRAINE, SOME BRING INFO FROM SENSE ORGANS TO BRAIN, OTHERS CONTROL MUSCLES, SOME ARE CONNECTED TO GLANDS OR INTERNAL ORGANS

OLFACTORY, OPTIC, OCULOMOTOE, TROCHLEAR, TRIGEMINAL, ABDUCENS, FACIAL, VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR, GLOSSOPHYARYNGEAL, VAGUS, SPINAL ACCESORY, HYPOGLOSSAL
Term
SPINAL CORD ANATOMY
Definition
LOOK AT PICTURE.

DORSAL ROOT GANGLION, WHITE MATTER, GRAY MATTER, CENTRAL CANAL. SENSORY NERVE ON TOP, MOTOR ON BOTTOM
Term
PREFRONTAL CORTEX
Definition
PROBLEM SOLVING, EMOTION, COMPLEX THOUGHT
Term
MOTOR ASSOCIATION CORTEX
Definition
COORDINATION OF COMPLEX MOVEMENT
Term
PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX
Definition
INITIATION OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT
Term
PRIMARY SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX
Definition
RECIEVES TACTILE INFO FROM THE BODY
Term
SENSORY ASSOCIATION AREA
Definition
PROCESS OF MULTISENSORY INFO
Term
VISUAL ASSOCIATION AREA
Definition
COMPLEX PROCESSING OF VISUAL INFORMATION
Term
WERNICKE'S AREA
Definition
LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION
Term
AUDITORY ASSOCIATION AREA
Definition
LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION
Term
AUDITORY ASSOCIATION AREA
Definition
COMPLEX PROCESSING OF AUDITORY INFORMATION
Term
AUDITORY CORTEX
Definition
DETECTION OF SOUND QUALITY (LOUDNESS AND TONE)
Term
SPEECH CENTER, BROCA'S AREA
Definition
SPEECH PRODUCTION AND ARTICULATION
Term
THE CORPUS CALLOSUM...
Definition
BUNDLE OF FIBERS THAT CONNECTS TWO HEMISPHERES AND ALLOWS COMMUNICATION
Term
MORE...
Definition
HYPOTHALAMUS, PINEAL GLAND, PITUATARY GLAND, OPTIC CHIASMA
Term
ROSTRAL
CAUDAL
ANTERIOR
POSTERIOR

SECTIONS...
Definition
HEAD
TAIL
FRONT
BACK

CORONAL, SAGGITAL, HORIZONTAL
Term
BASAL GANGLIA
Definition
KNOW STRUCTURES
FUNCTION IS...
DISORDERS...
SPATIAL ORGANIZATION...
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