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Nervous System
Basic Structure and Functions
12
Biology
7th Grade
12/08/2011

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Term
Brain
Definition
Part of the Central Nervous system located in the cranium. Controls the majority of systems in the body.
Term
Spinal Cord
Definition
Thick column of nerve tissue enclosed by vertebra that is connected to the brain and nerves in the peripheral nervous system.
Term
Neuron
Definition
Another name for a nerve cell.
Term
Nerve
Definition
A bundle of nerve fibers made of neurons (nerve cells).
Term
Stimulus
Definition
Any signal or change in an organism's environment (internal or external) that would produce a response.
Term
Response
Definition
The reaction to a stimulus.
Term
Central Nervous System
Definition
The brain and spinal cord.
Term
Peripheral Nervous System
Definition
All of the nerves in the body outside of the Central Nervous System.
Term
Reflex
Definition
An "automatic" response to a stimulus that travels from the body to the spinal cord and back to the body.
Term
Axon
Definition
The part of the nerve cell that carries signals away from the cell body
Term
Dendrite
Definition
Part of the neuron that carries signals to the body of the nerve cell.
Term
Senses
Definition
The five (5) Nervous System structures that allow us to receive input from the world: (Eyes) Sight, (Ears) Hearing, (Tongue) Taste, (Peripheral) Touch, (Nose) Smell.
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