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Nervous System/Sense Organs
Vocabulary
18
Biology
9th Grade
05/19/2010

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Term
neurotransmitters
Definition
chemical used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another cell
Term
synapse
Definition
location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell
Term
axon
Definition
long fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body of a neuron
Term
dendrites
Definition
extension of the cell body of a neuron that carries impulses from the environment or from the neurons toward the cell body
Term
cell body
Definition
largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of the cytoplasm
Term
myelin sheath
Definition
insulating membrane surrounding the axon in some neurons
Term
sensory division of peripheral nervous system
Definition
transmits impulses from sense organs to the central nervous system
Term
motor division of peripheral nervous system
Definition
transmits impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles or glands
Term
cerebrum
Definition
area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body
Term
hypothalamus
Definition
brain structure that acts as a control center for recognition and analysis of hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger, and body temperature
Term
cerebellum
Definition
region of the brain that coordinates body movements
Term
brain stem
Definition
structure that connects the brain and spinal cord, includes the medulla oblongata and the pons
Term
spinal cord
Definition
the main communications link between the brain and the rest of the body
Term
crown
Definition
portion of the tooth found above the surface of the gum line; dentin convered by enamel
Term
dentin
Definition
bone-like material found below enamel
Term
enamel
Definition
hardest substance in the body, covers the crown of the tooth
Term
pulp
Definition
contains nerves, arteries, and veins that supply the tooth
Term
root canal
Definition
canal where nerves arteries, and veins pass
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