Term
| What are the 4 common clinical findings of nephrotic syndrome? |
|
Definition
proteinuria >3.5g/day
hypoalbuminemia
hyperlipidemia
edema |
|
|
Term
| What is true about the onset of nephrotic syndrome? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Name ten tests used in the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome? |
|
Definition
Metabolic panel
ANA
Hepititis B/C
Complement panel
glucose/HgbA1C
Urinalysis (usully spot)
Serum/urine electrophoresis
Lipid profile
HIV antibody test
renal biopsy (if needed) |
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for a renal biopsy (6)? |
|
Definition
proteinuria
hematuria with known glomerular involvment
acute glomerularnephritis
acute renal failure
systemic diseases that cause renal damage
sudden unknow drop in GFR |
|
|
Term
| Do you do a renal biopsy for a diabetic patient? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| A nephrotic patient versus a patient excreting protein in the urine, who will have a greater decrease in serum albumin, why? |
|
Definition
| the nephrotic patient becuase more albumin is being metabolized by Proximal tubule |
|
|
Term
| What causes the hyperlipidemia in a nephrotic patient? |
|
Definition
| increased production of lipoprotein in the liver due to loss of lipids in the urine |
|
|
Term
| Why do nephrotic patients often often have hypercoagulability? |
|
Definition
they lose the clotting factors leading to
less antithrombin III
more platlet aggregation
fibrin-fibrinogen linking |
|
|
Term
| What type of nephrotic syndromes do you not use immunosuppresents for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What steriods will work for membranous nephropathy? |
|
Definition
cyclosporin
cyclophosphamide
NOT PREDNISONE |
|
|
Term
| What are the three general treatment options for nephrotic syndrome? |
|
Definition
ACE I/ARB
Diuretics
decrease protein intake |
|
|
Term
| What sex and age does best with treatment of nephrotic syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do nephrotic patients often not respond to low doses of diuretic (3)? |
|
Definition
difficult for diuretic to reach target with decreased kidney function
drug can bind to protein in nephron
decreased GI absorption |
|
|
Term
| How does one control the hypercholesterolemia in nephrotic patients (2)? |
|
Definition
restrict diet (often fails)
Statins to block HMG COA reductase |
|
|
Term
| What is the culprit of the cause of the inflammation in glomerularnephritis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the increase in proteinuria do to the prognosis of the glomerular disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should you begin treatment of low risk and high risk membranous glomerularnephritis? |
|
Definition
low risk: after 6 months of waiting becuase many resolve
high risk: right away |
|
|
Term
| WHat is the definition of full remission from glomerular disease? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the defintion of partial remission in glomerular disease? |
|
Definition
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