Term
What is normal BUN?
What is the stain used for allergic Interstitial nephritis?
what does it find |
|
Definition
7-18mg/dL
Wright and Hansel stains finding eosinophils in the urine |
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Term
what is normal 24hr urine protein?
what is the most accurate test of the bladder? |
|
Definition
less than 300mg /24 hrs
cystoscopy is used when there is hematuria without infection or trauma |
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Term
what is prerenal azotemia from?
post renal?
intrinsic? |
|
Definition
Hypoperfusion, hypotention
Distended bladder, massive release of urine with catheter removal, Hydronephrosis
ischemia and toxins |
|
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Term
what is the BITest for all urinary problems? x3
What are some drugs that cause ATN? x6 |
|
Definition
UA, BUN, Creatine
aminoglycosides, amphotericin, cisplatin, vancomycin, acyclovir, cyclosporine
NSAIDS |
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Term
What is the most specific test for Rhabdomyolysis?
How do you treat it? x3 |
|
Definition
Urine myoglobin
Treat with:
1.Saline hydration
2. Mannitol
3. Bicarbonate- drives potassium back into cells |
|
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Term
| when is dialysis the answer?x5 |
|
Definition
Life threatening conditions that can not be corrected any other way
Fluid overload
Encephalopathy
Pericarditis
Metabolic acidosis
HyperKalemia |
|
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Term
what S&S can be seen with artheroemboli? x3
what is the treatment? |
|
Definition
blue/purplish skin lesions in the fingers and toes
levedo reticularis and
Ocular leasions
No specific therapy |
|
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Term
What tests are done for arthroemboli?
What is the MATest? |
|
Definition
Eosinophilia, low coplement, eosinophiluria,elevated esr
Biopsy one of the purplish skin lesions
shows cholesterol crystals |
|
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Term
| what is the ass S&S for Acute Interstitial nephritis? x5 |
|
Definition
acute renal failure(rising BUN and creatine)
Fever, Rash, Arthralgias, and Eosinophiluria |
|
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Term
What is the treatment for AIN? Severe? x3
What is Papillary necrosis? |
|
Definition
usually resolve spontaineously
Severe disease managed with dialysis
if creatine continues to rise - steroids
sloughing off of the reanl papillae |
|
|
Term
what is the presentation of Papillary necrosis?
What is the bITest and results?
What is the MAtest and results? |
|
Definition
sudden onset of flank pain, fever hematuria
BIT: UA showing necrotic kidney tissure
MAT: CT scan shows interanl structures of the kidney from loss of papillae |
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|
Term
ESRD= the presents of what?
What does this thing present with? x5 |
|
Definition
uremia
Met acidosis
fluid overload
encephalopathy
Hyperkalemia
Pericarditis |
|
|
Term
What is the treatment for Hyperphosphatemia?
what is the treatment for HUS? |
|
Definition
Oral phosphate binders
most cases resoleve spontaneously
severe needs urgent plasmapheresis/ or FFp if plasmapheresis is not in the answer choices |
|
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Term
What is the treatment for TTP?
When does hypernatremia happen? |
|
Definition
urgent Plasmapheresis
loss of free water |
|
|
Term
what is the presentation of someone with Hypernatremia/Hyponatremia?
what is the treatment? |
|
Definition
both have Neurological symptoms:
confusion,disorientation, lethargy, seizures
if uncorrected coma and brain damage
Correct underlying cause |
|
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Term
| What are the three main statuses and their mechanisms for Hyponatreamia? |
|
Definition
By volume status
Hypervolemia:CHF, Nephrotic syndrome, Cirrosis
Hypovolemia:Sweating, burns, fever, Pneumonia, diarrhea, diuretics....if there is a chronic replacement of free water
Addisons
Euvolemia:Hyperglycemia Pschogenic, polydypsia, hypothyroidism, SIADH |
|
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Term
what is the MATest and results for SAID?
what is the treatment for urgent and chronic SIADH? |
|
Definition
High ADH level
ADH antagonists, Tolvaptan, conivaptan
(-vaptan)
Chronic SIADH: Demeclocycline |
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