Term
| What are the causes of hyponatremia when urine NA is < 10? > 40? |
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Definition
< 10: extrarenal salt loss, dilutional syndromes (CHF)
> 40: renal disease, diuretics, adrenal insuff, SIADH |
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Term
| What is psuedohyponatremia? |
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Definition
| hyperglycemia (glucose draws water in) |
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Term
| What types of hyponatremia result in low urine Na concentration? |
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Definition
| true hypovolemia, edematous state |
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Term
| How do you treat euvolemic hyponatremia? |
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Definition
| fluid restrictions, loop diuretics, AVP-R antag |
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Term
| What happens in euvolemic hyponatremia? |
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Definition
inappropriate stimulus of ADH
^TBW, high urine osmolarity
no low volume stimulus to reabsorb Na from tubular fluid |
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Term
| What happens in edematous state hyponatremia? |
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Definition
hypervolemia
induced renal Na retention>expanded EC space
decreased EIVV activates ADH
if patient drinks water, it is retained out of proportion to Na |
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Term
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Definition
early: mental confusion, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting
mod: hostility, violent, abn reflexes
severe: convulsions, pseudobulbar palsy, coma |
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