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Neoplasm for Step 1
Disease conditions, oncogenes, tumor supressor, etc.
29
Medical
Graduate
05/12/2010
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Term
Down Syndrome
 Definition
ALL, AML
Term
Xeroderma pigmentosum, albinism
 Definition
Melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinomas of the skin
Term
Chronic atrophic gastritis, pernicious anemia, postsurgical gastric remnants
 Definition
Gastric adenoma
Term
Tuberous sclerosis (presents with angiofibroma, seizures, mental retardation)
 Definition
Astrocytoma, angiomyolipoma, cardiac rhabdomyoma
Term
Actinic keratosis
 Definition
Squamous cell carcinoma
Term
Barrett's esophagus, chronic GI reflux
 Definition
Esophogeal adenocarcinoma
Term
Plummer-Vinson syndrome (atrophic glossitis, esophageal webs, anemia; all due to iron deficiency)
 Definition
Esophageal squamous carcinoma
Term
Cirrhosis
 Definition
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Term
Acanthosis nigracans (hyperpigmentation and epidermal thickening)
 Definition
Visceral malignancy (stomach, lung, breast, uterus)
Term
Radiation exposure
 Definition
Sarcoma, papillary thyroid cancer
Term

Cancer associated with following oncogenes...

  1. abl
  2. c-myc
  3. bcl-2
  4. erb-B2
 Definition
  1. CML
  2. Burkitt's lymphoma
  3. Follicular lymphoma
  4. Breast, ovarian, gastric carcinomas
Term

Cancer associated with the following oncogenes...

  1. ras
  2. L-myc
  3. N-myc
  4. ret
  5. c-kit
 Definition
  1. Colon carcinoma
  2. Lung tumor
  3. Neuroblastoma
  4. MEN types II and III
  5. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
Term

Cancer associated with mutation in the following tumor suppressors

  1. Rb
  2. BRCA1
  3. BRCA2
  4. p53
  5. p16
  6. APC
 Definition
  1. 13q; retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
  2. 17q; breast and ovarian cancer
  3. 13q; breast cancer
  4. 17p; Most human cancers, Li-Fraumeni
  5. 9p; melanoma
  6. 5q; colorectal cancer (FAP)
Term

Cancer associated with mutation in the following tumor suppressors

  1. WT1
  2. NF1
  3. NF2
  4. DPC
  5. DCC
 Definition
  1. 11p; Wilms' tumor
  2. 17q; Neurofibromatosis 1
  3. 22q; Neurofibromatosis 2
  4. 18q; pancreatic cancer (deleted in pancreated cancer)
  5. 18q; colon cancer (deleted in colon cancer)
Term

What is the cancer associated with the following tumor markers?

  1. CEA
  2. alpha-fetoprotein
  3. ß-hCG
  4. CA-125
 Definition
  1. Carcinoembryonic antigen; produced by 70% of colorectal and pancreatic cancers; also produced by gastric and breast carcinomas
  2. Hepatocellular carcinomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis (e.g. yolk sac tumor)
  3. Hydatiform moles, choriocarcinomas, gestational trophoblastic tumors
  4. Ovarian, maligant epithelial tumors
Term

What is the cancer associated with the following tumor markers?

  1. Alkaline phosphatase
  2. Bombesin
  3. TRAP
  4. CA-19-9
 Definition
  1. Metastases to bone, obstructive biliary disease; Paget's disease of the bone
  2. Neuroblastoma, lung and gastric caner
  3. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; Hair cell leukemia
  4. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Term

Name the cancer associated with the virus

  1. HTLV-1
  2. HBV/HCV
  3. EBV
  4. HHV-8
 Definition
  1. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
  2. Hepatocellular carcinoma
  3. Burkitt's lympphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  4. Cervical carcinoma (16,18) penile/anal carcinoma
  5. Kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity fluid B-cell lymphoma
Term
Which chemical carcinogens affect the liver?
 Definition
Aflatoxins (hepatocellular carcinoma), vinyl chloride (angiosarcoma), CCl4 (centrilobular necrosis, fatty change)
Term
Which cancers are nitrosamines (e.g. smoked food) associated with?
 Definition
Esophageal, gastric
Term
Cigarette smoking increases risk of which cancers?
 Definition
  • Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
  • Squamous cell and small cell carcinomas of the lung
  • Renal cell carcinoma
  • Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder
Term

Name the affected organ of the following chemical carcinogens:

  1. Asbestos
  2. Arsenic
  3. Naphthalene (aniline) dyes
  4. Alkylating agents
 Definition
  1. Lung (mesothelioma and bronchogenic carcinoma)
  2. Skin (squamous cell carcinoma), liver (angiosarcoma)
  3. Bladder (transitional cell carcinoma)
  4. Blood (leukemia)
Term
Which cancer can produce Cushing's Syndrome?
 Definition
Small cell lung carcinoma; produces ACTH-like peptide
Term
What are the various paraneoplastic effects that small cell lung carcinoma can induce?
 Definition
  • Production of ACTH-like protein to produce Cushing's syndrome
  • Production of ADH to produce SIADH (also seen in intracranial neoplasms)
  • Production of anti-presynaptic Ca2+ channel antibodies to produce Lambert-Eaton syndrome (also seen in thymomas)
Term
Effective treatment of which cancers can cause gout or urate nephropathy?
 Definition

Leukemia, lymphoma

 

Due to excess nucleic acid turn over
Term
Which carcinomas can produce hypercalcemia?
 Definition

Squamous cell lung carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma

 

Produce PTH-related peptide, TGF-ß, TNF, IL-1
Term
Which cancers can cause polycythemia?
 Definition
Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma; produce erythropoietin
Term
Which cancers present with psamooma bodies (laminated, concentric, calcific spherules)
 Definition
  • Papillary (thyroid)
  • Serous (papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary)
  • Meningioma
  • Malignant mesothelioma
Term
Which conditions produce a low ESR?
 Definition
  • Sickle cell anemia (altered shape)
  • Polycythemia (too many)
  • CHF (cause unknown
Term
Which cancers metastasize to the liver?
 Definition
Colon > stomach > pancrease > breast > lung
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