Term
|
Definition
Generc: Cetirizine Hcl (se-teer-a-zene)
Classification: Antihistamines
Side Effects: Drowsiness, fatigue, dry mouth
RN Considerations:
- relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms
- relief of perrenial allergic rhinitis caused by molds, animal dander, and other allergens
- avoid alcohol during cetrizine therapy
- Rx; Preg Cat B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generc: Fexfenadine (fex-oh-fi-na-deen)
Classification: Antihistamines
Side Effects: Drowsiness
RN Considerations:
- management of rhinitis allergy symptoms, chronic idiopathic urticaria
- avoid alcohol, other CNS depressants
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Hydroxyzine (hye-drox-i-zeen)
Classification: Antihistamines
Side Effects: Drowsiness, Dry mouth
RN Considerations:
- treatment of pruritus, pre-op anxiety, post-op nausea and vomiting, to potentiate opiod analgesics, sedation
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressant
- teach pt. dizziness/drowsiness may occur, use caution in potentially hazardous activities
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Loratadine (lor-a-ti-deen)
Classification: Antihistamines
Side Effects: Drowsiness
RN Considerations:
- management of seasonal rhinitis
- avoid alcohol, other CNS depressants
- take on empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hrs after meals
- Rx/OTC: Preg Cat B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Triamclinolone (trye-am-sin-oh-lone)
Classification: Cortiscosteroids
Side Effects: Dysphonia, hoarseness, oropharyngeal fungal infections, headache, sore throat, cold symptoms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, upset stomach, unpleasant taste
RN Considerations:
- used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis
- use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status
- Rx: Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Beclomethasone (be-kloe-meth-a-sone)
Classification: Corticosteroids
Side Effects: Hoarseness, oropharyngeal fungal infections, headache, sore throat, dyspepsia
RN Considerations:
- used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis
- use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status
- Rx: Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Flunisolide (floo-niss-oh-lide)
Classification: Corticosteroids
Side Effects: Hoarseness, Oropharyngeal fungal infections, headache, sore throat, cold symptoms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, unpleasant taste, upset stomach
RN Considerations:
- used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennail rhinitis
- use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Fluticasone (floo-ti-ka-sone)
Classification: Corticosteroids
Side Effects: Hoarseness, Oropharyngeal fungal infections, headache, sore throat, cold symptoms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, unpleasant taste, upset stomach
RN Considerations:
- used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis
- use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Mometasone (moe-met-a-sone)
Classification: Corticosteroids
Side Effects: Hoarseness, Oropharyngeal fungal infections, headache, sore throat, cold symptoms, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, unpleasant taste, upset stomach
RN Considerations:
- used in chronic asthma treatment, seasonal or perennial rhinitis
- use regular peak flow monitoring to determine respiratory status
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Acetaminophen (a-seat-a-meen-noe-fen)
Classification: Nonopioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Anemaia (long term use), Liver and kidney failure (high prolonged doses)
RN Considerations:
- treatment of mild pain or fever
- can give with food or milk to decrease GI upset
- signs of chronic poisoning: rapid, weak pulse, dyspnea, cold, clammy extremities
- signs of chronic overdose: bleeding, bruising, malaise, fever, sore throat
- OTC; Preg Cat B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Aspirin (as-pir-in)
Classification: Nonopioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, rash
RN Considerations:
- management of mild to moderate pain or fever, transient ischemic attacks, prophylaxis of MI, ischemic stroke, angina
- with long term use check for liver damage
- discard tablets if vinegar like smell
- Do not give to children with flu-like symptoms or chickenpox; Reye's syndrome may develop
- OTC; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Celecoxib (sel-eh-cox-ib)
Classification: Nonopioid Analgesics
Side Effects: fatigue, anxiety, depression, nervousness, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, dry mouth, constipation
RN Considertions:
- management of acute chronic arthritis pain and primary dysmenorrhea pain relief
- can take without regard to meals
- increasing doses do not appear to increase effectiveness
- do not take if allergic to sulfonamides, aspirin, or NSAISs
- Rx; Preg Cat C for first and second trimester, Preg Cat D for third trimester |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: (eye-byoo-pro-fen)
Classification: Nonopiod analgesics
Side Effects: Headache, nausea, anorexia, GI Bleeding, blood dyscrasias
RN Considerations:
- treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrhea, gout, dental pain, musculoskeletal disorders, fever
- Ringing in ears may indicate toxicity
- use sunscreen to prevent photosensitivity
- avoid use with ASA, NSAIDs, and alcohol, which may precipitate GI bleeding
- OTC,Rx; Preg Cat B |
|
|
Term
| Naprosyn, Anaprox, Anaprox DS, EC-Naprosyn, Aleve (OTC) |
|
Definition
Generic: Naproxen (na-prox-en)
Classification: Nonopioid Analgesics
Side Effects: GI bleeding, blood dycrasias
RN Considerations:
- management of mild to moderate pain. Treatment of rheumatoid, juvenille, and gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis, primary dysmennorhea
-pts with asthma, ASA hypersensitivity or nasal polyps have increased risk of hypersensitivity
- avoid use with ASA, steroids and alcohol
- OTC, Rx; Preg Cat B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Codeine
Classification: Opioid analgesics
Side Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, respiratory depression, constipation, orthostatic hypotension
RN Considerations:
- treatment of moderate to severe pain, nonproducctive cough
-do not give if respirations less than 12/min
-avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
-Withdrawl symptoms may occur
- Physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C-II, III, IV, V (depends on route); Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Hydrocodone Bitartrate and Acetaminophen (hi-dro-ko-doughne)
Classification: Opioid analgesics
Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, nausea, vomiting
RN Considerations:
- used for relief of moderate to moderately severe pain
- use with CNS depressants and/or alcohol may result in addictive CNS depression
- may be habit forming
- avoid alcohol during treatment
- use with caution in pts with pulmonary considerations
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Hydromorphone (hye-droe-mor-fone)
Classification: Opioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, respiratory depression, consitpation, cramps, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headache, rash
RN Considerations:
- treatment of moderate to severe pain, nonproductive cough
- do not give if respirations are less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
- withdrawl symptoms may occur
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C-II; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Meperidine (me-per-i-deen)
Classification: Opioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, respiratory depression, euphoria, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headache
RN Considerations:
- management of moderate to severe pain, pre-op sedation, post-op and OB analgesia
- do not give if respirations are less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
- withdrawl symptoms may occur
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C: II; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Methadone (meth-a-done)
Classification: Opioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, respiratory depression, constipation, cramps, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headache, rash
RN Considerations:
- relief of pain, detoxification/maintenance of narcotic addiction
- do not give if respirations are less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
- withdrawl symptoms may occur
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C-II; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Morphine (mor-feen)
Classification: Opioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Respiratory depression, sedation, euphoria, orthostatic hypotension
RN Considerations:
- management of severe pain
- continuous dosing is more effective than prn; may be given by patient controlled analgesia (PCA)
- withdrawl symptoms may occur
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C-II; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
| Ocy Contin; with aspirin Percodan, with Acetaminophen Percoset |
|
Definition
Generic: Oxycodone (ox-i-koe-done)
Classification: Opioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, respiratory depression, constipation, cramps, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headache, rash, euphoria
RN Considerations:
- management of moderate to severe pain
- do not give if respirations are less than 12/min
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
- withdrawl symptoms may occur
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C-II; Preg Cat B |
|
|
Term
| Davron, Darvocet-N (propoxyphene with acetaminophen) |
|
Definition
Generic: Propoxyphene (proe-pox-i-feen)
Classification: Opioid Analgesics
Side Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, respiratory depression, constipation, cramps, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, headache, rash
RN Considerations:
- management of mild to moderate pain
- low schedule rating for misuse potential, addiction liability
- do not use in pts with suicidal tendencies
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
- withdrawl symptoms may occur
- physical dependency may result from long term use
- Rx C IV; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Heparin (hep-a-rin)
Classification: Anticoagulants
Side Effects: Hemorrhage, tissue irritation/pain at injection site, anemia, thrombocytopenia, fever
RN Considerations:
- prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic disorders
- never IM injection (danger of hematoma)
- antidote: protamine sulfate within 30 min
- Watch for signs of hemorrhage
- Avoid ASA-containing products and NSAIDs
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Warfarin (war-far-in)
Classification: Anticoagulants
Side Effects: Hemorrhage, Diarrhea, Rash, Fever
RN Considerations:
-management of pulmonary emboli, deep-vein thrombosis, MI, atrial dysrhythmias, postcardiac valve replacement
- antidote: vitamin K (leafy green vegetables)
- Do not interchange brands (potencies may vary)
- Avoid ASA-containing products and NSAIDs
-Rx; Preg Cat X |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Carbamazepine (kar-ba-maz-e-peen)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Myelosuppression, dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia, diplopia, rash, photosensitivity
RN Considerations:
- management of seizures, trigeminal neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy
-avoid driving and other activities requiring alertness the first 3 days
-monitor blood levels; periodic eye exams
-take with food or milk to decrease GI upset
-urine may turn pink to brown
- avoid abrupt withdrawl; discontinue gradually
- avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Divalproex Sodium (dye-val-proe-ex)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, mental status and behavioral changes, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, prolonged bleeding time
RN Considerations:
-management of seizures, manic episodes assoc with bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis
- take with or immediately after meals to lessen GI upset
-avoid abrupt withdrawl
-monitor blood levels,platelets, bleeding time, and liver function
- Rx; Preg Cat D |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Gabaptnin (ga-ba-pen-tin)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Drowsiness, ataxia, siplopia, rhinitis, constipation
RN Considerations:
-used for management of seizures and postherpetic neuralgia
- do not take within 2 hrs of antacid
- avoid abrupt withdrawl
- use caution with hazardous activities
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Lamotrigine (la-moe-tri-jeen)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Ataxia, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, biplopia, blurred vision, abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea
RN Considerations:
- used for management of seizures
- In pediatric pts stop at first sign of rash
- take divided doses with meals or just after to decrease adverse effects
- use caution with hazardous activities until stabilized
- avoid abrupt withdrawl
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Phenobarbital (fee-noe-bar-bi-tal)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Drowsiness, lethargy, rash, GI upset, initially constricts pupils, respiratory depression, ataxia
RN Considerations:
- management of epilepsy, febrile seizures in children, sedation, insomnia
- use caution with hazardous activities until stabilized; drowsiness usually diminishes after initial weeks of therapy
- nystagmus may indicate early toxicity
- Vitamin D supplements are indicated for long term use
- Rx C-IV; Preg Cat D |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Phenytoin (fen-i-toyn)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Drowsiness, ataxia, nystagmus, blurred vision, hirsutism, lethargy, GI upset, gingival, hypertrophy
RN Considerations:
- management of seizures, migraines, trigeminal neuralgia, Bell's palsy
- may color urine and sweat pink/red/brown
-IV administration may lead to cardiac arrest
- never mix in IV with any other drug or dextrose
- avoid abrupt withdrawl to prevent convulsions
- do not use antacids or antidiarrheals within 2 hrs of med
- use caution with hazardous activities until stabilized
- folic acid supplements are indicated for long term use
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Topiramate (toh-pire-ah-mate)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, impaired concentration/memory, nervousness, speech problems, nausea, weight loss, vision problems, ataxia, photosensitivity
RN Considerations:
- used for management of seizures
- give w/o regard to meals
- avoid abrupt withdrawl
- use caution with hazardous activites until stabilized
- increase fluid intake to prevent formation of kidney stones
- stop drug immediately if eye problems; could lead to permanent loss of vision
- Rx; Preg Cat C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Valproate (val-proe-ate)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Sedation, drowsiness, dizziness, mental status and behavioral changes, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, prolonged bleeding time
RN Considerations:
- used for management of seizures
- avoid abrupt withdrawl
-monitor blood levels,platelets, bleeding time, and liver function tests
- Rx; Preg Cat D |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generic: Valporic acid (val-proe-ic)
Classification: Anticonvulsant
Side Effects: Sedation,drowsiness, dizziness, mental status and behavioral changes, nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, prolonged bleeding time
RN Considerations:
- used for management of seizures
- take with or immediately after meals to lessen GI upset
- avoid abrupt withdrawl
- monitor blood levels, platelets, bleeding time, and liver function tests
- Rx; Preg Cat D |
|
|
