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NCCC BIOS107 Chapters 1-4
Northampton Community College Biology 1
73
Biology
Undergraduate 1
05/30/2016

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Term
pH
Definition
Measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions.
Term
[H+]
Definition
Hydrogen ion
Term
More hydrogen ions present
Definition
more acidic (closer to 1)
Term
More hydroxyl ions
Definition
more alkalai/basic (closer to 14)
Term
[OH-]
Definition
Hydroxyl ion
Term
pH of 1 means
Definition
-log[H+] * 10^-1 or 1 in every 10 particles is [H+]
Term
pH of 14 mwna
Definition
-log[H+] * 10^-14
Term
Every jump in pH means
Definition
a jump in base 10 ( -1000, -100, -10, 10, 100)
Term
Acidic means what for hydrogen ions
Definition
Really easy to find. Higher concentration
Term
Basic means what for hydrogen ions
Definition
Much harder to find.
Term
Acidic means what for hydroxyl ions
Definition
Much harder to find
Term
Basic means what for hyroxyl ions?
Definition
Much easier to find.
Term
pH of 7
Definition
Equal number of [H+] and [OH-]
Term
Concentration of [H+] in H2O
Definition
1 * 10 ^-7
Term
Concentration of [OH-] in H2O
Definition
1 * 10 ^-7
Term
Components of non-distilled water
Definition
[H+], [OH-], H2O, H3O
Term
Isotope
Definition
Change in neutrons
Term
Equals change in number of neutrons
Definition
Equals change in atomic mass
Term
Solution
Definition
homogenous mixture that consists of a solute in a solvent
Term
Negative feedback
Definition
a loop in which a response REDUCES initial stimulus (e.g. insulin response)
Term
Positive Feedback loop
Definition
a loop in which a response SPEEDS UP its own production (e.g. blood clotting)
Term
enzymes
Definition
chemical activities that either cause decomposition or that store sugar are accelerated by these proteins
Term
proteome
Definition
the entire set of proteins expresed by a given cell of group of cells
Term
geneome
Definition
the entire set of genetic instructions
Term
systems biology
Definition
exploration of a biological system by analyzing interactions among its parts
Term
DOMAIN
Definition
Archea, Bacteria, Eukarya
Term
prokaryotic cell
Definition
Lacks nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles, has DNA, has ribosomes, has cytoplasm, has cell/plasma membrane
Term
Fungi breaks down plants
Definition
bacteria breaks down animals
Term
Properties of water
Definition
Cohesion, Adhesion, Temperature regulation
Term
Properties of living things
Definition
Order/organization, process energy, respond to environment, reproduce, growth and development, regulate internal processes, evolve
Term
Reproduction with viable young is possible between
Definition
Same species
Term
DKPCOFGS
Definition
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Term
4 macromolecules
Definition
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acid
Term
Monomer + Monomer --> Polymer (Or, the process of removing water to make a polymer)
Definition
Dehydration synthesis
Term
Polymer --> Monomer + Monomer (or, using water to split a polymer)
Definition
hydrolysis
Term
3 monomers (C6 H12 O6)
Definition
Glucose, Galactose, Fructose
Term
3 monosaccharides
Definition
Glucose, Galactose, Fructose
Term
3 polymers
Definition
Sucrose, Maltose, Lactose
Term
Sucrose
Definition
glucose + fructose
Term
maltose
Definition
glucose + glucose
Term
lactose
Definition
glucose + galactose
Term
Where animals store extra glucose, for use later
Definition
glycogen
Term
Atomic mass / molar mass
Definition
bottom number, number of protons and neutrons
Term
Atomic number
Definition
top number, number of protons
Term
Number of neutrons in hydrogen
Definition
zero neutrons
Term
Molarity
Definition
number of mols of solute / total amount of solution
Term
Number of electrons per shell
Definition
1st shell - , all others - 8
Term
Columns on a the periodic table
Definition
indicate how many electrons in the outer most valence shell, in stable state
Term
ionic bonds
Definition
one side gives, one side takes
Term
covalent bond
Definition
each side shares
Term
stable element
Definition
number of protons = number of electrons in shell
Term
rows in periodic table
Definition
number of valence shells
Term
ions
Definition
change in the number of electrons, but not in the number of protons
Term
isotope
Definition
same number of protons, different number of neutrons. Same element, usually the radioactive version
Term
Big Picture
Definition
Biosphere, Ecosystem, Communities, Populations, Organisms, Organs/Organ systems, Tissues, Cells, Organelles, Molecules
Term
Bacteria
Definition
Prokaryotes, unicellular, DNA, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes
Term
Eukaryotic
Definition
unicellular, has a nucleus, DNA< organelles, cytoplasm, membrane, ribosome, mitochondria, chloroplasts (sometimes)
Term
Kingdoms
Definition
Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, Protista
Term
Tropic levels
Definition
Decomposers, Producers, Consumers
Term
Producers of food
Definition
plants and algae
Term
Formula for cellular respiration
Definition
C6 H12 O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H20

[This version is NOT balanced]
Term
Formula for photosynthesis
Definition
Co2 + H20 --> C6 H12 O6 + O2
Term
Iodine Test
Definition
Tests for Starch / Polysaccharide

(Iodine's starchy positive purple polysaccharides, orange if its not)
Term
Benedicts Test (must be heated)
Definition
Tests for simple sugars except sucrose

(Positive Benedict is hot, simply sweet, and anything but blue)
Term
Brown paper test
Definition
Lipids (Greasy paper bag)
Term
Biuret Test
Definition
Biuret's Positive Pink or Purple for Protein
Term
Polysaccharide is a fancy word for
Definition
Starch
Term
Light microscope
Definition
Light passes through the specimen and then through glass lenses. Lenses refract light and magnify the image.
Term
Light microscope
Definition
Light passes through the specimen and then through glass lenses. Lenses refract light and magnify the image.
Term
electron microscope
Definition
Beam of electrons passes through a specimen. Resolution is inversely related to wavelength.
Term
scanning electron microscope
Definition
Useful for studying the topography of a specimen.
Term
Transmission microscope
Definition
Profiles a thin section of a specimen
Term
Cell fractination
Definition
Taking a cell apart and separating its major organelles and other sub-cellular structures from one another.
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