Term
| What four things arise from surface ectoderm? |
|
Definition
| Adenohypophysis - Lens of eye - Epithelial linings - Epidermis |
|
|
Term
| What is the embryologic tissue origin of Microglia (ecto/meso/edo)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ear muscle does the 1st branchial arch form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which embryonic tissue are branchial pouches derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the left 4th aortic arch give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What four structures make up the diaphragm? |
|
Definition
| - Septum transversum - Pleuroperitoneal folds - Body wall - Dorsal mesentery of esophagus |
|
|
Term
| Does the serous linings of body cavities arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What effects does cocaine have on the fetus? |
|
Definition
| Abnormal fetal development and fetal addiction |
|
|
Term
| What is the male homologue to the greater vestibular glands (of Bartholin) in the female? |
|
Definition
| Bulbourethral glands (of Cowper) |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4th and 6th branchial arch derivatives innervated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the female homologue to the ventral shaft of the penis in the male? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein give rise to what adult heart structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 1st branchial arch derivatives innervated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscles (8) are derivatives of the 1st branchial arch? |
|
Definition
| - Temporalis - Masseter - Lateral pterygoid - Medial pterygoid - Mylohyoid - Anterior belly of digastric - Tensor tympani - Tensor veli palatini |
|
|
Term
| Which two embryonic tissues are branchial arches derived from? |
|
Definition
| Mesoderm and neural crests |
|
|
Term
| Which week of fetal development have the genitalia taken on male/female characteristics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the gut is the pancreas derived? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does bone arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which embryonic tissue are branchial clefts derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the first place fetal erythropoiesis occurs and when does this take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Less than 0.5 L of amniotic fluid |
|
|
Term
| Which branchial arch does Meckel's cartilage develop from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What suppresses the development of the paramesonephric ducts in males? |
|
Definition
| Mullerian inhibiting substance (secreted by the testes) |
|
|
Term
| How does a cleft lip form? |
|
Definition
| Failure of fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal processes |
|
|
Term
| What does the primitive atria give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Trabeculated left and right atrium |
|
|
Term
| Does the pia arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do primary oocytes begin meiosis I? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the gut tube epithelium arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After arising from the floor of the primitive pharynx, where does the thryoid diverticulum go? |
|
Definition
| It descends down into the neck |
|
|
Term
| Which branchial arch forms the incus and malleus of the ear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which pharyngeal arch does Reichert's cartilage develop from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is a secondary spermatocyte N or 2N? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most oxygenated blood reaching the heart via IVC is diverted through the __ and pumped out the aorta to the head. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the foramen ovale give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What five things arise from neuroectoderm? |
|
Definition
| - Neurohypophysis - CNS neurons - Oligodendrocytes - Astrocytes - Pineal gland |
|
|
Term
| What are the five 2's associated with meckel's diverticulum? |
|
Definition
| - 2 inches long - 2 feet from the ileocecal valve - 2% of the population - Commonly presents in the first 2 years of life - May have 2 types of epithelia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Greater than 1.5-2 L of amniotic fluid |
|
|
Term
| What can be found in the cortex of the thymus? |
|
Definition
| It is dense with immature T cells |
|
|
Term
| Meiosis II is arrested in which phase until fertilization? |
|
Definition
| Metaphase (an egg MET a sperm) |
|
|
Term
| What is a urachal cyst or sinus a remnant of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is associated with an epispadias? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does a horseshoe kidney form? |
|
Definition
| Inferior poles of both kidneys fuse, as they ascend from the pelvis during development they get trapped under the inferior mesenteric artery |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal remnant of the thyroglossal duct? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Although the diaphragm descends during development, it maintains innervation from ____? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the flagellum (tail) derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the site of T-cell maturation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the primitive ventricle give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Trabeculated parts of the left and right ventricle |
|
|
Term
| What does the thymus arise from? |
|
Definition
| Epithelium of the 3rd branchial pouch |
|
|
Term
| What are the cartilage derivatives (5) of the 4th and 6th branchial arches? |
|
Definition
| - Thyroid - Cricoid - Arytenoids - Corniculate - Cuneiform |
|
|
Term
| What does the 1st aortic arch give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Part of the maxillary artery |
|
|
Term
| What four things does Reichert's cartilage (from the 2nd arch) develop into? |
|
Definition
| - Stapes - Styloid process - Lesser horn of hyoid - Stylohyoid ligament |
|
|
Term
| What four things does the dorsal pancreatic bud become? |
|
Definition
| Body, Tail, Isthmus, and Accessory Pancreatic Duct |
|
|
Term
| Which is more common a hypospadias or epispadias? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a single umbilical artery associated with? |
|
Definition
| Congenital and chromosomal anomalies |
|
|
Term
| From what does the ligamentum teres hepatis arise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does a bicornate uterus form? |
|
Definition
| Results from incomplete fusion of the paramesonephric ducts |
|
|
Term
| What does the 5th pharyngeal pouch develop into? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the spleen arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is a primary spermatocyte 2N or 4N? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does organogenesis occur in the fetus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does full development of spermatogenesis take? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What induces the ectoderm to form the neuroectoderm (neural plate)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the thymus arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What fetal landmark has occurred within week 3 of fertilization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscles (4) are derivatives of the 2nd branchial arch? |
|
Definition
| - Muscles of facial expression - Stapedius - Stylohyoid - Posterior belly of digastric |
|
|
Term
| What is the female homologue to the corpus spongiosum in the male? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the urogenital structures arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is polyhydramnios associated with? |
|
Definition
| Esophageal/duodenal atresia and Anencephaly |
|
|
Term
| Is a spermatid haploid or diploid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What four things does the mesonephric (wolffian) duct develop into? |
|
Definition
| - Seminal vesicles - Epididymis - Ejaculatory duct - Ductus deferens |
|
|
Term
| What is Potter's syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Bilateral renal agenesis, that results in ologohydramnios causing limb and facial deformities and pulmonary hypoplasia |
|
|
Term
| Is a speratogonium haploid or diploid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| After the first breath at birth, what causes closure of the ductus arteriosus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal opening of penile urethra on inferior side of penis due to failure of urethral folds to close |
|
|
Term
| When does fetal erythropoiesis occur in the spleen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of twins would have 2 amniotic sacs and 2 placentas? |
|
Definition
| Monozygotic or dizygotic twins |
|
|
Term
| What three things does the paramesonephric (mullerian) duct develop into? |
|
Definition
| - Fallopian tube - Uterus - Part of the vagina |
|
|
Term
| What does the spleen arise from? |
|
Definition
| Dorsal mesentery, but is supplied by the artery of the foregut |
|
|
Term
| What does the 4th pharyngeal pouch develop into? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What connects the thyroid diverticulum to the tongue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of twins would have 1 placenta, 2 amniotic sacs, and 1 chorion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two things occur during week 4 of fetal development? |
|
Definition
| Heart begins to beat and Upper and lower limb buds begin to form |
|
|
Term
| What embryologic defect is thoracic outlet syndrome caused by? |
|
Definition
| by having a cervical rib. |
|
|
Term
| How does a cleft palate form? |
|
Definition
| Failure of fusion of the lateral palatine processes, the nasal septum, and/or the median palatine process |
|
|
Term
| What does the right horn of the sinus venosus give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Smooth part of the right atrium |
|
|
Term
| Do the enterochromaffin cells arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the lymphatics arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the ANS arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two branchial arches form the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the pancreas arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscles are derivatives of the 6th branchial arch? |
|
Definition
| All intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except the cricothyroid |
|
|
Term
| What does the notochord give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What three structures does the 3rd pharyngeal pouch develop into? |
|
Definition
| - Thymus - Left inferior parathyroid - Right inferior parathyroid |
|
|
Term
| Is a secondary spermatocyte haploid or diploid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the 6th aortic arch give rise to? |
|
Definition
| The proximal part of the pulmonary arteries and (on left only) ductus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| What does the ligamentum venosum come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What four things does Meckel's cartilage (from the 1st arch) develop into? |
|
Definition
| - Mandible - Malleus - Incus - Sphenomandibular ligament |
|
|
Term
| An abnormal opening of penile urethra on superior side of penis due to faulty positioning of the genital tubercle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which branchial arch forms the anterior 2/3 of the tongue? |
|
Definition
| 1st arch - Lateral Lingual Swellings |
|
|
Term
| What does aberrant development of the 3rd and 4th pouches cause? |
|
Definition
| DiGeorge's syndrome "CATCH 22" |
|
|
Term
| What is the food supply of sperm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What embryonic structure are the smooth parts of the left and right ventricle derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What embryonic structure does the coronary sinus come from? |
|
Definition
| Left horn of the sinus venosus |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2nd branchial arch derivatives innervated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does fetal erythropoiesis occur in the bone marrow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ear bone(s) does the 2nd branchial arch form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the dorsal root ganglion arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what time in the course of development is the fetus most susceptible to teratogens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the female homologue to the prostate gland in the male? |
|
Definition
| Urethral and paraurethral glands (of Skene) |
|
|
Term
| What fetal landmark has developed within week 2 of fertilization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the truncus arteriosus give rise to? |
|
Definition
| The ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk |
|
|
Term
| What does the right 4th aortic arch give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Proximal part of the right subclavian artery |
|
|
Term
| What does the 2nd pharyngeal pouch develop into? |
|
Definition
| Epithelial lining of the palantine tonsils |
|
|
Term
| Do the melanocytes arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the thyroid arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the thyroid diverticulum arise from? |
|
Definition
| The floor of the primitive pharynx |
|
|
Term
| What is the acrosome of sperm derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Meiosis I is arrested in which phase until ovulation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do primary oocytes complete meiosis I? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many arteries and veins does the umbilical cord contain? |
|
Definition
| - 2 umbilical arteries (carries deoxygenated blood away from fetus) - 1 umbilical vein (oxygenated blood to fetus) |
|
|
Term
| Do the neural crest cells arise from mesoderm, ectoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can be found in the medulla of the thymus? |
|
Definition
| It is pale with mature T cells, epithelial reticular cells, and Hassall's corpuscles |
|
|
Term
| After the first breath at birth, what causes the closure of the foramen ovale? |
|
Definition
| A decrease resistance in pulmonary vasculature causes increased left atrial pressure vs. right atrial pressure |
|
|
Term
| What does the first branchial cleft develop into? |
|
Definition
| The external auditory meatus |
|
|
Term
| The stapedius muscle of the ear is formed by which branchial arch? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscles (3) are derivatives of the 4th branchial arch? |
|
Definition
| - Most pharyngeal constrictors - Cricothyroid - Levator veli palatini |
|
|
Term
| Where does positive and negative selection occur in the thymus? |
|
Definition
| At the corticomedullary junction |
|
|
Term
| Does the adrenal cortex arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the 5th aortic arch give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What teratogenic agent causes limb defects ('flipper' limbs)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which branchial arch are the greater horn of hyoid and the stylopharyngeus muscle derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the 3rd aortic arch give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Common carotid artery and proximal part of the internal carotid artery |
|
|
Term
| What does the umbilical arteries give rise to? |
|
Definition
| Medial umbilical ligaments |
|
|
Term
| What fetal landmarks (2) have developed within week 3 of fertilization? |
|
Definition
| Primitive streak and neural plate begin to form |
|
|
Term
| Does the dura connective tissue arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will DiGeorge's syndrome lead to? |
|
Definition
| T cell deficiency and Hypocalcemia |
|
|
Term
| What does the ductus arteriosus give rise to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the liver arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the parathyroid arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deoxygenated blood from the SVC is expelled into the pulmonary artery and __ __ to the lower body of the fetus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does blood arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the lungs arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of bone formation is spontaneous without preexisting cartilage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does the celiac ganglion arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does muscle arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the odontoblasts arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the cardiovascular structures arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the parafollicular (C) cells of the thyroid arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What developmental contributions does the 5th branchial arch make? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which aortic arch does the stapedial artery and the hyoid artery come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Meckel's diverticulum? |
|
Definition
| Persistence of the vitelline duct or yolk sac |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3rd branchial arch derivatives innervated by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What embryonic structure does the median umbilical ligament come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What fetal landmark has occurred within week 1 of fertilization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the ductus venosus shunt blood away from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common ectopic thyroid tissue site? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do the Schwann cells arise from neural crest (ectoderm), mesoderm, or endoderm? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common congenital anomaly of the GI tract? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does spermatogenesis take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is a primary spermatocyte haploid or diploid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do the 2nd - 4th branchial clefts form, which are obliterated by proliferation of the 2nd arch mesenchyme? |
|
Definition
| Temporary cervical sinuses |
|
|
Term
| What three things does the 1st pharyngeal pouch develop into? |
|
Definition
| - Middle ear cavity - Eustachian tube - Mastoid air cells |
|
|
Term
| Which branchial arches are the tongue derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the PDL, cementum, and the lamina dura of the alveolar bone arise from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
