Term
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Definition
damage results from penetration of the skull or from rapid acceleration or deceleration of the brain (contrecoup -- causing frontal and temporal lobe damage)
injuries resulting in TBI:
skull fractures
closed head injuries
penetrating wounds of skull or brain
traumatic injury to extracranial blood vessels
nerve tissues, blood vessels, and meninges are sheared, torn, or ruptured, resulting in hemorrhage, edema, ischemia |
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Term
| TBI prevalance, onset, prognosis |
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Definition
prevalence: males x2 likely, highest risk group between 15 and 29 years; 400,000 new TBIs reported each year
onset: any
prognosis: responsible for more deaths and disabilities than any other neurologic cause in population under 50 |
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Term
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Definition
concussion characterized by post-traumatic loss of consciousness
cerebral contusion/laceration/edema accompanied by surface wounds and skull fractures
variety of symptoms:
1. hemiplegia or monoplegia or abnormal reflexes
2. decoritcate or decerebrate rigidity
3. fixed pupils
4. coma
5. changes in vital signs |
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Term
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Definition
administration of Glasgow Coma scale
administration of Rancho Los Amigos Levels
CT scan and MRi to visualize intracranial structure and damage |
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Term
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Definition
resuscitation
management of respiratory dysfunction
cardiovascular monitoring
surgical, pharmacologic, or mechanical means to decrease intracranial pressure
neurosurgery to manage lacerated vessels and depressed skull fractures
pharmacologic interventions:
1. antibiotics
2. anticonvulsants
3. sedatives
4. antidepressants |
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