Term
| What causes anthrax? Clinical signs? |
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Definition
| Bacillus anthracis, sudden death (no rigor) |
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Term
|
Definition
| ingestion, direct spore exposure, mechanical (biting flies), inhalation |
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Term
| What are clinical signs of anthrax in cattle and sheep? |
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Definition
| acute septicemia, hemorrhagic lymphadenitis, respiraotry and cardiac distress, BLOODY D/C from body orficies |
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Term
| What are ddx for sudden death in cattle? |
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Definition
| Clostridium, bloat, malignant edema, acute Lepto, bacillary hemoglobinuria, anaplasmosis |
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Term
| What are signs of anthrax in horses? |
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Definition
| fever, colic, weakness, bloody diarrhea, edema |
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Term
| What are ddx that go along with anthrax in horses? |
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Definition
| EIA, EVA, purpura, liver disease, encephalitis, colic, Pb posioning |
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Term
| What species are relatively resistant to anthrax and may only cause oropharyngitis and intestinal involvment? |
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Definition
| pgi, dog, cat, wild carnivores |
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Term
| What are clinical signs of anthrax in humans? |
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Definition
ZOONOTIC-relatively resistant
cutaneous, inhaltion (WOOLSORTERS DZ)-->acute hemorrhagic lymphadenitis, septicema, meningitis, high mortality, or intestinal |
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Term
| What are ddx for anthrax in pigs? |
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Definition
| actue classical swine fever, african swine fever, pharyngeal malignant edema |
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Term
| How is anthrax diagnosed? |
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Definition
Giemsa stain: inclusion bodies
serology, PCR, FA, culture |
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Term
| What is the treatment for anthrax? |
|
Definition
LONG ACTING AB--pen, tetracycline
Cipro in humans |
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Term
|
Definition
| SHEEP but can affect CATTLE; transmitted by CULICOIDES, spread by sexual or transplacental |
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Term
| What are signs of bluetongue? |
|
Definition
VASCULITITS (hemorrhage in LN/spleen)
WHITE STREAKS in mm
EDEMA of ears/face |
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Term
| What is Chorioptic mange? |
|
Definition
long legs, short UNsegmented pedicles
PERINEUM, CAUDAL UPPER THIGH |
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Term
| How is Choroptes treated? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes FMD? What animals are affected? |
|
Definition
Picornaviridae--APTHOvirus
ungulates are affected |
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|
Term
|
Definition
CATTLE AND PIGS WITH BLISTERS ON FEET/MOUTH + FEVER=VESICULAR DZ
entire herd affected, fever, lameness, vesicle formation |
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Term
|
Definition
| CALL STATE/FEDS; PCR, biopsy, ELISA |
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Term
|
Definition
| slaugter, disinfect premisis, humans can carry in nose/throat for 1-2 days! |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| What causes pseudorabies? |
|
Definition
HERPESvirus "Aujesky's dz", "mad itch"
pigs are only NATURAL host but usually asymptomatic |
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|
Term
| How is pseudorabies transmitted? |
|
Definition
| nose-to-nose, fecal-oral, inhalation, dead end hosts (dogs, cats, wildlife) |
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Term
| What are signs of pseudorabies in pigs? |
|
Definition
AGE DEPENDENT
NEONATES: NEUROLOGIC PIGLETS-100% MORTALITY
WEANLINGS: RESPIRATORY
ALL AGES: V/D, abortion (mummies), PRURITIS |
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|
Term
| What are clinical signs of pseudorabies in cattle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are lesions associated with pseudorabies in swine? |
|
Definition
| usually not detectable, hemorrhagic pulmonary LN, necrotic foci in piglet lungs |
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|
Term
| How is pseudorabies diagnosed? |
|
Definition
| ELISA/serology-not specific |
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Term
| How is pseudorabies tx? Controled? |
|
Definition
| NONE-fatal; VX or eradication |
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Term
| What causes rift valley fever? |
|
Definition
| PHLEBOvirus-RNA virus; affects ruminants and humans; transmitted by MOSQUITOS, rapid spread |
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|
Term
| What are signs of rift valley fever in humans? |
|
Definition
| viremia with flu-like symptoms and fever |
|
|
Term
| What are signs of rift valley fever in lambs? |
|
Definition
| high fever, die in 36 hrs |
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|
Term
| What are signs of rift valley fever in sheep? |
|
Definition
| fever with mucopurulent d/c, abortion, 30% mortality |
|
|
Term
| What are signs of rift valley fever in calves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are signs of rift valley fever in adult cattle? |
|
Definition
| fever, diarrhea, abortion, 10% mortality |
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|
Term
| What lesions are associated with RVF? |
|
Definition
| MASSIVE HEPATIC NECROSIS, HEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liver, spleen, heparinized blood and brain for VI; serology |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| yes for PEOPLE AND ANIMALS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MORBILLIVIRUS, endemic in Africa and Asia; HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS: primary in CATTLE, secondary in sheep, goats, pigs, wild ruminants |
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|
Term
| What are signs of rinderpest? |
|
Definition
high morbidity and mortality
high fever, anorexia, decreased mild, oculonasal d/c, depression, oral mucosal ulcers/erosions, GI ulcers, pseudomembrenas, lymphoid necrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| viral isolation (hep blood, mesenteric LN, spleen)-histopath |
|
|
Term
| What are ddx for Rinderpest? |
|
Definition
| BVD, IBR, MCF, FMD, Bluetongue/EHD |
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|
Term
| What are signs of sarcoptes mange? What do they look like? |
|
Definition
HEAD/NECK/EARS--PRURITIS
SARCOPES IS SHORT legs, long UNsegmented pedicles |
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|
Term
| What is the treatment for sarcoptic mange? |
|
Definition
| ivermectin SQ, quarantine, OP or lime sulfur topically |
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Term
| What are ddx for vesicular diseases and what species are affected? |
|
Definition
| FMD (pigs, cows), Vesicular stomatitis (horse, pigs, cows, sheep, goats), swine vesicular dz (pigs), vesicular exanthema of swine (pigs) |
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|
Term
| What causes vesicular stomatitis? What species are affected? |
|
Definition
RHABDOvirus
horses, pigs, cows, sheep, goats |
|
|
Term
| How is vesicular stomatitis spread? |
|
Definition
| SAND FLIES OR BLACK FLIES, then fomites to entire herd |
|
|
Term
| What are signs assoicated with vesicular stomatitis? |
|
Definition
| ADULT CATTLE WITH ULCERS ON MOUTH (DROOL/CHOMP), TEATS, FEET, FEVER; death is uncommon, humans can have flu-like signs |
|
|
Term
| What are ddx for vesicular stomatitis? |
|
Definition
| FMD (identicle), BVD, Rhinderpest, bovine papular stomatitis, IBR |
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|
Term
| How is vesicular stomatitis dx? |
|
Definition
| FEDS: IV, serum neutralization |
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|
Term
| How is vesicular stomatitis treated? |
|
Definition
| supportive; soft food, fresh water, shade, repel flies, quarantine for 30 DAYS AFTER LESIONS HEAL (2-3 WK) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| disinfect, vx for endemic areas |
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