Term
| What can a strangulating lipoma do? |
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Definition
| cause of colic in older horses were it causes acute ischemia resulting in necrosis of bowel |
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Term
| What does Strep zoo cause? |
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Definition
B ehmolytic GP cocci
most common cause of RESPIRATORY DZ, INFECTIOUS INFERTILITY |
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Term
| What are clinical signs of Strep zoo causing infectious infertility? |
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Definition
| mucopurulent vaginal d/c, soiled perineum, matted hair |
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Term
| What is the treatment of Strep zoo infectious infertility? |
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Definition
| AB/saline uterine lavage, sex rest, Caslicks |
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Term
| Where do Strongylus edentates and Strongylus equinus migrate through? |
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Definition
| liver, pancreas, and perirenal regions |
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Term
| What does Strongylus vulgaris do? |
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Definition
| predisposes to THROMBOSIS OF CRANIAL MESENTERIC ARTERY |
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Term
| What are causes of subsolar abscesses? |
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Definition
| puncture wounds, poor farrier work |
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Term
| What are signs of subsolar abscesses? |
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Definition
| acute SEVERE lameness, pain on hoof testers, heat and pain towards coronary band, draining tract at band, edema and swelling over pastern and fetlock |
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Term
| Treatment for subsolar abscesses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most commonly injured tendon? And what are signs when this tendon is injured? |
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Definition
SDF
lameness, inflammation at palmar metacarpal aspect of the leg |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE as it crosses the cranial border of the scapula |
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Term
| What are signs of sweeny? |
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Definition
| neurogenic atrophy to SUPRASPINATUS AND INFRASPINATUS MM, promient scapular spine, should is unstable, looks "dislocated" |
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Term
| What is the cause of CONTAGIOUS EQUINE METRITIS (CEM)? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| leads to equine infertiltiy (stallions can carry w/o symptoms) |
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Term
| ____ hold enamel pillars of teeth together. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
lower-lingual
upper-buccal |
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Term
| ___ are spaces between teeth taht come with old age. |
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Definition
| diastema, it is also the space between the canines and premolars |
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Term
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Definition
| 6m old--WOLF TOOTH, upper remove |
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Term
| When do the adult incisiors erupt? |
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Definition
| I1 2.5y, I2 3.5y, I3 4.5y |
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Term
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Definition
| 4-5y, usually only in males |
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Term
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Definition
| 4-5y, usually only in males |
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Term
| When do the incisior cups disappear? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Explain Galvayne's groove? |
|
Definition
longitudinal groove on I3
appears at 9y, 1/2 way down by 15, all way down by 20 |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What is the most commonly bowed tendon? How does this occur? |
|
Definition
SDF of FORElimb
tear from racing stress |
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Term
| What are signs of tenosynovitis? |
|
Definition
| intermittent lameness, swelling at palmar metacarpals |
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Term
| How are bowed tendons dx? |
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Definition
U/S if acute: anechoic regions in tendon due to hemorrhage and loss of tendon fibers (chronically swelling will decrease and look normal)
look for changes in echogenicity, tendon size, and fiber pattern |
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Term
| How do you treat a bowed tendon? |
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Definition
stall rest, anti-inflammatories, immobilization
take 8-11m to heal tendons (neovascularization, granulation) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Clostridium tetani, anaerobic bactera with a NEUROTOXIN that BLOCKS POST SYNAPTIC INHIBITION to motor nerves and see signs within 10-14days** |
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Term
| What are signs of tetanus? |
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Definition
| lockjaw--quidding,dysphagia; 3rd eyelid prolapse, muscle spasms, extensor rigidity, extended tail |
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Term
| What is Theiler's disease and what causes it? |
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Definition
| "SERUM HEPATITIS" IN ADULT HORSES, introduction of EQUINE-DERIVED BIOLOGIC CMPD--TETANUS ANTITOXIN (4-10w after administration) |
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Term
| What are clinical signs of Theiler's disease? |
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Definition
| acute diffuse, necrotizing HEPATITIS, progressing to acute HEPATOENCEPHALOPATHY and icterus, malaise, wt loss, RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE AND FATAL! |
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Term
| What is Thelazia lacrymalis? |
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Definition
| eyeworm spread by MUSCA AUTOMNALIS (FACEFLY) |
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Term
| Where do you do a thoracocentesis on a horse? |
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Definition
| 7th ICS at costochondral jx |
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Term
| ____ is the small STOMACH WORM that is also found in ruminants and often affects horses sharing pastures with them. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are signs of Trichostrongylus axei? |
|
Definition
| weight loss, chronic gastritis |
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|
Term
| How is Trichostrogylus axei treated? |
|
Definition
| Benzimidazoles or Ivermectin |
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|
Term
| What is Triodontophorus tenuicollis? |
|
Definition
| small strongyle that causes COLONIC ulceration |
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Term
| What is Tyzzer's disease? |
|
Definition
Clostridium piliforme (intracytoplasmic), foals 1-6m old
causes acute necrotizing hepatitis |
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Term
| What are signs of Tyzzer's disease? |
|
Definition
acute necrotizing hepatitis
SUDDENLY DEAD, ICTERIC/YELLOW horses |
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Term
| How is Tyzzer's disease dx? |
|
Definition
difficult, Silver/Giema stain SLENDER BACILLI in hepatocytes
HYPOglycemia, increase BIL/liver/HPP
HUGE liver on necropsy with disseminated, multi-focal areas of necrosis, focal myocarditis |
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Term
| How do you treat Tyzzer's? |
|
Definition
50% Dextrose, fluids, AB
GRAVE PROGNOSIS |
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Term
| What are the most common composition for equine uroliths? Why do they form? |
|
Definition
Ca carbonate and Ca phosphate
due to alkaline urine |
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|
Term
| What are causes of uroperitoneum in horses? |
|
Definition
| bladder rupture at birth due to large pressures on urinary bladder |
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Term
| What are signs of uroperitoneum? |
|
Definition
| stranguria, pollakiuria, generalized abd enlargement, increased HR/RR, depression |
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Term
| How is uroperitoneum diagnosed? |
|
Definition
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Term
| localized edema in the dermis, allergic reaction (toxins, plants, insect bites, medications, chemicals, heat, sunlight, stress) is called ___. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| localized edema in the dermis, allergic reaction (toxins, plants, insect bites, medications, chemicals, heat, sunlight, stress) is called ___. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How should you treat urticaria? |
|
Definition
DEX parenteral fast acting
Diphenhydramine |
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Term
| How is uterine infection diagnosed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does uterine prolapse occur? |
|
Definition
| begins at apex of uterine horn, complete replacement helps to prevent |
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Term
| What are signs of uterine torsion? |
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Definition
| colic, frequent urination, anorexia |
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Term
| How is uterine torsion dx? |
|
Definition
| RECTAL PALPATION of broad ligament coursing over uterus (right to left) |
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|
Term
| DDx for vaginal discharge? |
|
Definition
CEM-reportable
dourine-reportable
Strep zoo |
|
|
Term
| What are the borders of Viborg's triangle? |
|
Definition
ramus of mandible
linguofacial vein
tendon of sternocephalicus mm |
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