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NASM Chapter 3
The Cardiorespiratory System
31
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07/20/2012

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Term
What is the Cardiorespiratory system?
Definition
A system of the body composed of cardiovascular and respiratory systems
Term
The Cardiovascular system is composed of what?
Definition
Heart, Blood vessels, and blood
Term
Respiratory system is composed of what??
Definition
Trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and lungs
Term
What is Mediastinum?
Definition
The space in the chest between the lungs that contains all the internal organs of the chest excep the lungs
Term
How big is the heart and how much does it typically weight?
Definition
size of adult fist roughly weighs 300g
Term
What is the Electrical conduction system in the heart?
Definition

Starts with SA node located in right atrium of heart wich initiates electrical impulses that determine heart rate aka pacemaker

 

Then to the AV node- located in the wall of right atrium and directs impulses to wall of ventricals bundle of his

then out to the pukinkje fibers

 

[image]

 

Term
Know the chambers of the hearrt
Definition

Atrium - superior chamber of heart that recieve blood from veins and forces it into ventricals

Ventricals - the inferior chamber then forces it ino the artieries

[image]

Term
What is Stroke Volume
Definition

THe amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction

  • The difference between Ventrical end diastolic volume and end- systolic volume
Term
What is Cardiac Output
Definition

Heart Rate x stroke volume

  • The overal performance of the heart
Term
Average heart rate of an untrained adult
Definition
70-80 bpm
Term
What is Blood?
Definition
Fluid that circulates in the heart, artieries, capillaries, and veins, carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body and also rids the body of waste products
Term
3 Cells in the blood. Name them.
Definition
  1. Red blood cells -carry oxygen form lungs throughout body
  2. white blood cells - These help fight infection
  3. platelets - help with clotting
Term
Plasma makes up of what % of total volume of the blood
Definition

55% of plasma

45% of red white and plateles

Term
Average adult caries how much blood?
Definition
4-6 L of blood
Term
What Are the Three main things blood helps with?
Definition
  1. Transportation -o2, nutrients, waste, hormones, heat
  2. Regulation -body temp and acid balance
  3. Protection - excessive bleeding, immune cells to fight disease
Term
What are three blood vessels?
Definition

Artieries - Transport blood away from heart

Capilleries - smallest blood vessels exchange of chemicals

Veins -transport blood to the heart

Term
What is the respiratory pump?
Definition
composed of bones and muscles working together to allow proper respiratory mechnics to occur. To help pump blood back to the heart durning inspiration
Term
Bones of the Respiratory pump?
Definition
  1. sternum
  2. ribs
  3. vertabrae
Term
Muscles involves in respiratory pump during Inspiration?
Definition
  1. diaphragm
  2. external intercostaals
  3. Scalens
  4. sternocleidomastoid
  5. pectoralis minor
Term
Muscle involves with respiratory pump during expiration?
Definition
  1. Internal intercostals
  2. Abdominals
Term
The Respiratory passages are divided into two catagories?
Definition

Conduction airways

and

Respiratory airway

Term
What is the conduction airway?
Definition

Nasal cavity

oral cavity

Pharynx

Larynx

Trachea

Right and left bronchi

Bronchioles

Term
What is the Respiratory Airway?
Definition

Alveoli

Alveolar Sacs

Term
What is Diffusion?
Definition

The processs of getting oxygen from the environment to the tissues of the body

 

this is how oxygen gets from the outside environment to the tissues of the body

Term
Breathing is divided into two phases name them?
Definition
  1. Inspiratory - (breathing in) is active
  2. Expiratory - (exahale) can be passive and active
Term
What is the resting oxygen consumption
Definition
3.5
Term
What is Maximal Oxygen Consumption (VO2 max)
Definition
The higest rate of oxygen transport and utilization achieved at maximal physical exertion
Term
What is the Fick equation to estimate Oxygen consumption?
Definition
Vo2=Q(HR x SV) x A-Vo2(arterial-venous oxygen difference)
Term
Teach client to breathe through stomach or Chest?
Definition
Stomach
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