Term
|
Definition
| manual therapy techniques that are used to modulate pain and treat joint dysfunctions |
|
|
Term
| Mobilization/Manipulation |
|
Definition
| passive, skilled manual therapy techniques applied to joints and relates soft tissues at varying speeds and amplitudes using physiological or accessory motions |
|
|
Term
| Self or auto mobilization |
|
Definition
| techniques whereby the pt is taught to apply joint mobilization to restricted joints using proper gliding techniques |
|
|
Term
| mobilization w/ movement (MWM) |
|
Definition
| concurrent application of sustained accessory mobilization applied by a therapist and an active physiological movement to end range applied by the patient |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement a person normally can carry out, such as flex, ext, rot, abd, add |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| movement w/in a joint and surrounding soft tissues that is necessary for normal ROM but cannot be voluntarily performed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| motions that accompany active motion but are not under voluntary ctrl |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| capsular laxity or elasticity that allows movements of the joint surfaces. Movements in clude distraction, sliding, compression, rolling, and spinning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high-velocity, short-amplitude motion such that the pt cannot prevent the motion |
|
|
Term
| manipulation under anesthesia |
|
Definition
| medical prodedure used to restore full ROM by breaking adhesions around a joint while the pt is anesthetized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| active contraction of deep muscles that attach near the joint and whose line of pull can cause the desired accessory motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Systemic, planned performance of bodily movements, postures, or physical activities intended to address:
IMPAIRMENT
PHYS FN
RISK FACTORS
OVERALL HEALTH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activities such as health promotion designed to prevent disease in at-risk pop |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early dx and prediction of severity or duration of existing disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of rehab to reduce the degree or limit progression of existing conditions & improve multiple aspects of fn in persons w/ chronic/irreversible disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reasoning/analytical process involving judgments/determinations in context of pt care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Components of EXAMINATION (3) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
S&S, Impairments/fn limitations/disabilities
Ex: Pt has (this dx), *characterized by* (these factors) |
|
Definition
| components of PT DX (2ish) |
|
|
Term
Pt goals & Expected outcomes - must be meaningful to pt and: *functional, sustainable, measurable
Interventions - freq/duration;
D/C plans -- when goals achieved. * Compose HEP, refer to community health facility, schedule future followups if able |
|
Definition
| Prognosis/POC based on _________________; 3 components: |
|
|
Term
| Exam, Eval, PT Dx, Prognosis/POC, Interventions |
|
Definition
| 5 components of PATIENT MANAGEMENT: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
systemic series of steps and decisions for the purpose of helping a pt achieve the highest level of fn possible
|
|
|
Term
Variability of environment (open/closed)
Intertrial variability of envt (with/without)
Body movement (stable/transport)
Object manipulation (with/without) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
a. Discreet – movement w/ recognizable beginning and end
i. Eg holding a position, doing a push-up, grasping an object
b. Continuous – can do under different conditions; no distinct beginning/end
i. Eg walking, stair-climbing, cycling
c. Serial – Series of discreet movements combined in particular sequence
i. Eg eating w/ fork, W/C transfers |
|
Definition
| 3 types of motor tasks, w/ exp: |
|
|
Term
a. Cognitive – does pt understand what they are doing? Includes WHAT to do and HOW to do it
b. Associative – Fine-tuning task for efficiency/consistency/timing; use of problem solving to correct errors before or after they occur.
c. Autonomous – pt can do the ex’s correctly w/o much thought |
|
Definition
| 3 stages of motor learning w/ exp |
|
|
Term
1. Blocked: same sequence, predictable and static envt
2. Random: slight variations of the task, in unpredictable order
3. Random-blocked: slight variations of the task, in random order, but each variation performed multiple times
mental = mentally going through process
part vs whole = broken up vs done in sequence |
|
Definition
| Different types of practice: Blocked, random, random-blocked? Mental vs physical? part vs whole? |
|
|
Term
| Grades I and II are primarily used for treating joints limited by pain. Grades III and IV are primarily used as stretching maneuvers |
|
Definition
| Oscillation grading: uses of I-IV? |
|
|
Term
I - deweight; no stress on capsule: PAIN RELIEF
II - take up slack; tighten tissues around joint: DETERMINE INITIAL JOINT SENSITIVITY, inhibit pain, or maintain joint play w/in ROM limitations
III - Stretch; distraction or glide of capsule/surrounding tissues: to increase joint play |
|
Definition
| Dosages of sustained joint plays & uses of ea? |
|
|
Term
| Gliding is parallel to plane, distraction is perpendicular |
|
Definition
| "Treatment plane" - implications for gliding and distraction? |
|
|
Term
- Stimulates biological activity
- Maintains extensibility / tensile strength of articular tissues.
- Provides proprioceptive input.
- Provides sensory input. |
|
Definition
| Effects of joint motion (4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Treatment plane is ________ to joint axis |
|
|
Term
Stretching mechanism during which:
1. move pt to end range (20"x3)
2. have pt press against the stretch, contracting the muscle that is being stretched (5-10 sec)
3. Advance end-range to progress stretch, hold again (20"x3)
4. Repeat this for 3 cycles |
|
Definition
| HR-AC (hold-relax, agonist-contract) |
|
|
Term
i. Remediate or prevent impairments
ii. Improve, restore, enhance physical fn
iii. Prevent/reduce health-related risk factors
iv. Optimize overall health, fitness, sense of well-being |
|
Definition
| 4 intended fn's of therapeutic exercise: |
|
|
Term
i. Pain
ii. Muscle weakness
iii. ↓musc endurance
iv. Limited ROM
v. Hypermobility
vi. Posture
vii. Muscle imbalances (length/strength) |
|
Definition
| Common MUSCULOSKELETAL impairments managed w/ therex: |
|
|
Term
i. Pain
ii. Balance/posture/ctrl
iii. Coordination/timing
iv. Delayed motor development
v. Abnormal tone
vi. Ineffective/inefficient fn movement strategies |
|
Definition
| Common NEUROMUSCULAR impairments managed with therex: |
|
|
Term
i. Decr aerobic capacity (CP endurance)
ii. Circulation (lymphatic/venous/arterial)
iii. Intermittent claudication – pain w/ sustained physical activity |
|
Definition
| Common CV/CP impairments manged w/ therex (3) |
|
|
Term
| pt's GOALS and MINDSET/MOTIVATION |
|
Definition
| 2 requiements for effective DECISION-MAKING: |
|
|
Term
a. Have a plan - facilitate learning prior to / during ex's in accordance to pt’s learning style
b. Demonstrate right/wrong ways (pt to mimic movements)
c. Clear/concise verbal and written (w/ pictures for HEP) instruction
d. Break up routine into small increments for better retention
e. Promote positive attitude - easiest ex's first |
|
Definition
| 5 steps to prep for ex instruction: |
|
|
Term
a. Acknowledge pt’s beliefs about exercise
b. Point out benefits/importance of ea ex or activity
c. Relate to FUNCTION
d. Encourage input for scheduling, feedback, progression
e. explain how to incorporate ex’s into daily tasks
f. Identify barriers /find solutions |
|
Definition
| Strategies to incr adherance: (6) |
|
|
Term
- extensibility of soft tissues corssing/surrounding jts ( not just muscles)
-a. Dynamic: Same as AROM- depends on contraction strength of muscle and tissue resistance b. Passive: same as PROM (no active contraction) |
|
Definition
| Flexibility: -def? -dynamic vs passive? |
|
|
Term
-contracture w/ no muscle pathology; no ↓ in sarcomere length;
Spasticity/rigidity from CNS lesion (stroke, SCI, TBI) – involved muscles in constant contraction, which resists passive stretching |
|
Definition
Myostatic contracture def:
vs Pseudomyostatic contracture def: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contracture type stemming from joint pathology (adhesions, synovial proliferation, cart irregularities, osteophytes) |
|
|
Term
| Periarticular Contracture |
|
Definition
| Contracture type stemming from From loss of mobility in CT about joint capsule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contracture stemming From fibrous changes in CT of muscle/joint structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contracture type characterized by : Normal Muscle/CT replaced by fibrotic/scar tissue – need surgery to correct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a. Stretching some muscles/joints but allowing tightness in others |
|
|
Term
| ↓ contractile protein, fiber diameter, # myofibrils, and capillary density; ↑in atrophy, fatty tissue induction |
|
Definition
| 6 muscle responses to immobilization: |
|
|
Term
i. In shortened: fiber length decreases, # sarcomeres decreases Lesser length-tension ⇒ lesser contraction strength
ii. In lengthened: ↑ # sarcomeres, plasticity |
|
Definition
| Effects of immobilization in shortened vs lengthened position: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Structures near muscle-tendon junction that fire when tension develops in the muscle and decreases tension at this junction, thereby limiting contraction during stretching (are sensitive – fire easily) |
|
|
Term
| a. When shortened tissues held in comfortably lengthened position and incrementally stretched as the tension becomes comfortable. Capitalizes on stress-relaxation properties of soft tissue. |
|
Definition
| Static progressive stretching def: |
|
|
Term
| Cyclic/intermittent stretching |
|
Definition
| Short duration stretch, repeatedly but gradually applied, released, reapplied. Slow velocity, low intensity at end range. |
|
|
Term
cause of impaired ROM,
quality and level of healing,
chronicity/severity of contracture,
age,
steroid use,
previous stretching response. |
|
Definition
| What factors determine frequency of stretching? (6) |
|
|
Term
- Pain BEFORE end-range: use pain inhibiting mobs
- Pain at end-range, proceed cautiously.
- Pain after end-range due to stretching of tight tissue, can be aggressively stretched |
|
Definition
| Pain timing & indications for treatment: |
|
|
Term
| 7-10 secs with a few seconds of rest in between ea cycle; how many times based on pt response |
|
Definition
| How long to hold sustained joint mobs indicated for pain relief? How many times? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A positive test sign that can be repeated after a therapeutic maneuver to determine the effectiveness of the maneuver. Ie, taking ROM after passive stretching. |
|
|
Term
| confirmed as local musculoskeletal |
|
Definition
| MWM may only be done if pt problem is: |
|
|
Term
| Indications for joint mobs: (5) |
|
Definition
- Pain, muscle guarding, and spasm
- Reversible joint hypomobility
- Positional faults/ Subluxations
- Progressive limitation
- Functional Immobility |
|
|
