Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

ORIGIN:

Sternal Fibers: Manubrium / Sternum

Clavicular Fibers: Medial, Superior Clavicle

Sternocleidomastoid

Insertion:

Mastoid Process

Sternocleidomastoid

Actions:

Bilaterally: Neck Flexion

Unilaterally:Roatation to the Opposite Side  &

Lateral Flexion

(Accesory Muscles Of Respiration)

Scalenes

Origin:

Transverse Processes of C2-C7

Scalenes

Insertion:

Anterior and Middle Scalenes: RIB 1

Posterior Scalene: Rib 2

Scalenes

Action:

Bilaterally: Flexion and Elevation of the ribacge during Inhalation

Unilaterally: Lateral Flexion

Splenius Capitis

Origin:

Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of (about)

C7-T6

*Deep to Traps and rhomboids

Splenius Capitis

Insertion:

Mastoid process ( Deep to SCM)

Splenius Capitis

Actions:

Bilaterally: Extension

Unilaterally: Lateral Flexion

&

Rotation to the Same Side

Splenius Cervicis

Origin:

Spinous Processes of T3-T6

Splenius Cervicis

Insertion:

Transverse Processes of C1-C3

Splenius Cervicis

Action

Bilateral: Extension

Unilateral: Rotation to Same Side &

Lateral Flexion

Upper Traps

Origin:

Nuchal Lines Until the Spinous Processes of C7

Upper Traps

Insertion

Posterior Aspect of the Lateral Clavicle

Upper Traps

Action:

Elevation of Shoulder Girdle

Upward Rotation of Scapula

*

Bilateral : Extension of Neck

Unilaterally: Lateral Flexion & Rotation to Opposite Side

Middle Traps

Origin:

Spinous Processes T1-T5

Middle Traps

Insertion:

Acromion Process

Superior Aspect of Spine of Scapula

Middle Traps

Action:

Retraction

Lower Traps

Origin:

Spinous Processes T6-T12

Lower Traps

Insertion

Root of the Spine of Scapula (Inferior Aspect)

Lower Traps

Action:

Rhomboids

Origin:

Minor: Spinous Processes of C7- T1

Major: Spinous Processes of T1-T5

Rhomboids

Insertion:

Medial Border of Scapula from Root of the spine to the inferior angle.

Rhomboids

Action:

Retraction

Downward Rotation